Obi C L, Enweani I B, Giwa J O
Department of Microbiology, Edo State University, Expoma, Nigeria.
East Afr Med J. 1995 Jun;72(6):370-2.
Ear swabs from 350 patients with chronic otitis media attending different orthorhinolaryngological clinics at different hospitals and health centres in Benin City and Ekpoma in Edo State were screened for the presence of bacterial agents of chronic otitis media. Results revealed the presence of 19 different species indicating polymicrobial infections. Species isolated comprised Staphylococcus aureus (33.6%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (19.3%), Proteus mirabilis (17%), Alcaligenes faecalis (6.2%) and Klebsiella aerogenes (4.3%). Others included Escherichia coli (3.3%), Proteus rettgeri (2.8%), and Staphylococcus epidermidis (2.2%), Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris, Acinetobacter spp, Proteus morgani, Haemophilus influenzae, Providencia spp, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus faecalis, non-haemolytic streptococci and Diphotheroids, each accounted for less than 2% of isolates. The study also showed a higher prevalence of chronic otitis media among males (55.7%) than females (44.3%). Cases of chronic otitis media were highest among the age groups (0-5 years) with a prevalence rate of 50% and least among the 6-10 year age group with a prevalence rate of 14.9%. Antibiogram of isolates revealed marked sensitivities (over 90% of the isolates) to ciproxin, tarivid, rocephin and fortum whereas over 70% were resistant to penicillin and ampicillin. Results have indicated that Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis are leading bacterial agents of otitis media and highlights the high risk involved in the use of penicillin, ampicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, cloxacillin and septrin in the management of chronic otitis media in our locality.
对来自贝宁城和江户州埃克波马不同医院及健康中心的不同耳鼻喉科诊所的350例慢性中耳炎患者的耳拭子进行筛查，以检测慢性中耳炎的细菌病原体。结果显示存在19种不同菌种，表明存在混合感染。分离出的菌种包括金黄色葡萄球菌（33.6%）、铜绿假单胞菌（19.3%）、奇异变形杆菌（17%）、粪产碱菌（6.2%）和气生克雷伯菌（4.3%）。其他包括大肠杆菌（3.3%）、雷氏变形杆菌（2.8%）、表皮葡萄球菌（2.2%）、肺炎克雷伯菌、普通变形杆菌、不动杆菌属、摩根变形杆菌、流感嗜血杆菌、普罗威登斯菌属、化脓性链球菌、肺炎链球菌、粪肠球菌、非溶血性链球菌和类白喉杆菌，每种占分离菌株的比例均低于2%。该研究还表明，男性慢性中耳炎的患病率（55.7%）高于女性（44.3%）。慢性中耳炎病例在年龄组（0 - 5岁）中最高，患病率为50%，在6 - 10岁年龄组中最低，患病率为14.9%。分离菌株的抗菌谱显示对环丙沙星、泰利必妥、罗氏芬和复达欣有显著敏感性（超过90%的分离菌株），而超过70%对青霉素和氨苄西林耐药。结果表明，金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌和奇异变形杆菌是中耳炎的主要细菌病原体，并突出了在我们当地使用青霉素、氨苄西林、链霉素、四环素、氯霉素、红霉素、氯唑西林和复方新诺明治疗慢性中耳炎所涉及的高风险。
