Conte A, Bianchi I, Guazzelli M, Taponeco G, Bertelli A, Ronca G
Department of Animal Biology, University of Modena, Italy.
Int J Tissue React. 1995;17(1):21-31.
The effect of L-propionyl carnitine, the carnitine derivative utilized as a more effective drug for membrane protection, on Na-K ATPase activity of erythrocyte ghosts of alcohol-dependent patients and blood donors has been investigated. The effect of L-propionyl carnitine on leukocyte chemotaxis and cytochrome c reduction, a measure of superoxide ion production was also studied. It has been in fact observed that alcohol is immunotoxic on both the non-specific and the specific immune response. In alcohol-dependent erythrocytes, a significant higher value of the 1H-NMR spin lattice relaxation time (T1) was observed as compared to blood-donor erythrocytes. The in-vitro addition of ethanol increases the T1 values of blood donor erythrocytes, whereas it is without effect on the T1 value of alcohol-dependent erythrocytes. The Na-K ATPase activity is higher in alcohol-dependent erythrocyte ghosts as compared to blood-donor ghosts. A non-significant increase of the Na-K ATPase activity of blood-donor ghosts was observed with the increasing of L-propionyl carnitine concentrations (from 0.2 to 5.0 mM), whereas the Na-K ATPase activity of alcohol-dependent ghosts decreases. From these combined effects the differences of Na-K ATPase activity progressively decrease with the increasing of L-propionyl carnitine concentration, and no significant differences are observed between the two groups at L-propionyl carnitine concentrations higher than 0.5 mM. The in-vitro addition of ethanol increases the enzyme activity to a greater extent in blood-donor ghosts as compared to alcohol-dependent ghosts. This in-vitro activation by ethanol is decreased by the addition of L-propionyl carnitine. The chemotaxis induced by N-formyl-methionyl-leucylphenylalanine and the superoxide anion production stimulated by zymosan is significantly lower in alcohol-dependent neutrophils. L-Propionyl carnitine increases, in a dose-dependent way, both chemotaxis and superoxide anion production of alcohol-dependent neutrophils, and no significant difference was observed between the two groups at 5 mM L-propionyl carnitine. These experimental results suggest that L-propionyl carnitine administration may be useful for reducing some acute and chronic damages due to alcohol ingestion. The protective and modulatory actions of L-propionyl carnitine may be even more evident in cells and tissues different from those investigated in this study and in which ethanol determines several biochemical damages.
已对左旋丙酰肉碱（一种用作更有效膜保护药物的肉碱衍生物）对酒精依赖患者和献血者红细胞膜泡钠钾ATP酶活性的影响进行了研究。还研究了左旋丙酰肉碱对白细胞趋化性和细胞色素c还原（超氧阴离子产生的一种度量）的影响。实际上已观察到，酒精对非特异性和特异性免疫反应均具有免疫毒性。与献血者红细胞相比，在酒精依赖的红细胞中观察到1H-NMR自旋晶格弛豫时间（T1）的值明显更高。体外添加乙醇会增加献血者红细胞的T1值，而对酒精依赖红细胞的T1值没有影响。与献血者膜泡相比，酒精依赖红细胞膜泡中的钠钾ATP酶活性更高。随着左旋丙酰肉碱浓度增加（从0.2到5.0 mM），观察到献血者膜泡的钠钾ATP酶活性有不显著增加，而酒精依赖膜泡的钠钾ATP酶活性降低。从这些综合效应来看，随着左旋丙酰肉碱浓度增加，钠钾ATP酶活性的差异逐渐减小，在左旋丙酰肉碱浓度高于0.5 mM时，两组之间未观察到显著差异。与酒精依赖膜泡相比，体外添加乙醇在献血者膜泡中使酶活性增加的程度更大。左旋丙酰肉碱的添加会降低乙醇的这种体外激活作用。在酒精依赖的中性粒细胞中，N-甲酰甲硫氨酰-亮氨酰-苯丙氨酸诱导的趋化性和酵母聚糖刺激产生的超氧阴离子明显更低。左旋丙酰肉碱以剂量依赖方式增加酒精依赖中性粒细胞的趋化性和超氧阴离子产生，在5 mM左旋丙酰肉碱时两组之间未观察到显著差异。这些实验结果表明，给予左旋丙酰肉碱可能有助于减少因摄入酒精导致的一些急慢性损伤。左旋丙酰肉碱的保护和调节作用在与本研究中所研究的细胞和组织不同的细胞和组织中可能更加明显，在这些细胞和组织中乙醇会造成多种生化损伤。
