Yeum K J, Taylor A, Tang G, Russell R M
Jean Mayer United States Department of Agriculture, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1995 Dec;36(13):2756-61.
To determine the levels of carotenoids, retinoids, and tocopherols in normal and cataractous human lenses.
Concentrations of carotenoids, retinoids, and tocopherols were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in 12 American normal lenses, 9 American cataractous lenses, and 10 Indian cataractous lenses.
On a per gram wet weight of tissue basis, human lenses contained 11 to 25 ng xanthophylls (lutein and zeaxanthin), 31 to 50 ng retinol, 21 to 25 ng retinyl palmitate, 1573 to 2550 ng alpha-tocopherol, and 257 to 501 ng gamma-tocopherol. Concentrations of lutein, zeaxanthin, and retinol were significantly higher in Indian cataractous lenses than in American normal or cataractous lenses. There were no differences in the lutein-zeaxanthin, retinoid, or alpha-tocopherol contents between American normal lenses and American cataractous lenses. The range of ratios of lutein to zeaxanthin in human lenses was 1.6 to 2.2. The mean age of the Indian lens donors was 20 years younger than the American lens donors. Comparisons using contralateral lenses indicated that there was significant interindividual variance in human lens concentrations of xanthophylls, retinoids, and tocopherols. beta-carotene and lycopene, major carotenoids in human serum and other tissues, were not detected in human lenses.
Xanthophylls (lutein and zeaxanthin) are the only carotenoids detected in human lens. Retinol, retinyl palmitate, and alpha- and gamma-tocopherols also are present in human lens. Determinants of lens concentration of nutrients are not defined, but dietary factors are likely to be important.
测定正常和白内障患者人晶状体中类胡萝卜素、视黄醇和生育酚的含量。
采用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）测定12例美国正常人晶状体、9例美国白内障患者晶状体和10例印度白内障患者晶状体中类胡萝卜素、视黄醇和生育酚的浓度。
以每克湿组织重量计，人晶状体中含有11至25纳克叶黄素（叶黄素和玉米黄质）、31至50纳克视黄醇、21至25纳克棕榈酸视黄酯、1573至2550纳克α-生育酚和257至501纳克γ-生育酚。印度白内障患者晶状体中叶黄素、玉米黄质和视黄醇的浓度显著高于美国正常或白内障患者晶状体。美国正常人晶状体和美国白内障患者晶状体中叶黄素-玉米黄质、视黄醇或α-生育酚含量无差异。人晶状体中叶黄素与玉米黄质的比例范围为1.6至2.2。印度晶状体捐赠者的平均年龄比美国晶状体捐赠者小20岁。使用对侧晶状体进行比较表明，人晶状体中叶黄素、视黄醇和生育酚的浓度存在显著个体差异。人晶状体中未检测到人体血清和其他组织中的主要类胡萝卜素β-胡萝卜素和番茄红素。
叶黄素（叶黄素和玉米黄质）是在人晶状体中检测到的唯一类胡萝卜素。视黄醇、棕榈酸视黄酯以及α-和γ-生育酚也存在于人晶状体中。晶状体中营养物质浓度的决定因素尚不明确，但饮食因素可能很重要。
