Vogt B A, Nimchinsky E A, Vogt L J, Hof P R
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157-1083, USA.
J Comp Neurol. 1995 Aug 28;359(3):490-506. doi: 10.1002/cne.903590310.
The surface morphology and cytoarchitecture of human cingulate cortex was evaluated in the brains of 27 neurologically intact individuals. Variations in surface features included a single cingulate sulcus (CS) with or without segmentation or double parallel sulci with or without segmentation. The single CS was deeper (9.7 +/- 0.81 mm) than in cases with double parallel sulci (7.5 +/- 0.48 mm). There were dimples parallel to the CS in anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and anastomoses between the CS and the superior CS. Flat maps of the medial cortical surface were made in a two-stage reconstruction process and used to plot areas. The ACC is agranular and has a prominent layer V. Areas 33 and 25 have poor laminar differentiation, and there are three parts of area 24: area 24a adjacent to area 33 and partially within the callosal sulcus has homogeneous layers II and III, area 24b on the gyral surface has the most prominent layer Va of any cingulate area and distinct layers IIIa-b and IIIc, and area 24c in the ventral bank of the CS has thin layers II-III and no differentiation of layer V. There are four caudal divisions of area 24. Areas 24a' and 24b' have a thinner layer Va and layer III is thicker and less dense than in areas 24a and 24b. Area 24c' is caudal to area 24c and has densely packed, large pyramids throughout layer V. Area 24c' g is caudal to area 24c' and has the largest layer Vb pyramidal neurons in cingulate cortex. Area 32 is a cingulofrontal transition cortex with large layer IIIc pyramidal neurons and a dysgranular layer IV. Area 32' is caudal to area 32 and has an indistinct layer IV, larger layer IIIc pyramids, and fewer neurons in layer Va. Posterior cingulate cortex has medial and lateral parts of area 29, a dysgranular area 30, and three divisions of area 23: area 23a has a thin layer IIIc and moderate-sized pyramids in layer Va, area 23b has large and prominent pyramids in layers IIIc and Va, and area 23c has the thinnest layers V and VI in cingulate cortex. Area 31 is the cinguloparietal transition area in the parasplenial lobules and has very large layer IIIc pyramids. Finally, variations in architecture between cases were assessed in neuron perikarya counts in area 23a. There was an age-related decrease in neuron density in layer IV (r = -0.63; ages 45-102), but not in other layers.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
在27名神经功能正常个体的大脑中评估了人类扣带回皮质的表面形态和细胞结构。表面特征的变化包括有或无分割的单一扣带沟（CS），或有或无分割的双平行沟。单一CS比双平行沟的情况更深（9.7±0.81毫米），双平行沟的深度为（7.5±0.48毫米）。在前扣带回皮质（ACC）中有与CS平行的凹痕，以及CS与上CS之间的吻合。通过两阶段重建过程制作了内侧皮质表面的平面地图，并用于绘制区域。ACC无颗粒，有突出的V层。33区和25区的层状分化较差，24区有三个部分：与33区相邻且部分位于胼胝体沟内的24a区有均匀的II层和III层，脑回表面的24b区有扣带回区域中最突出的Va层以及不同的IIIa - b层和IIIc层，CS腹侧缘的24c区有薄的II - III层且V层无分化。24区有四个尾侧分区。24a'区和24b'区的Va层较薄，III层比24a区和24b区更厚且密度更低。24c'区位于24c区尾侧，整个V层有密集排列的大锥体神经元。24c'g区位于24c'区尾侧，有扣带回皮质中最大的Vb层锥体神经元。32区是扣带 - 额叶过渡皮质，有大的IIIc层锥体神经元和发育不全的IV层。32'区位于32区尾侧，IV层不明显，IIIc层锥体更大，Va层神经元更少。后扣带回皮质有29区的内侧和外侧部分、发育不全的30区以及23区的三个分区：23a区有薄的IIIc层和Va层中等大小的锥体神经元，23b区在IIIc层和Va层有大且突出的锥体神经元，23c区有扣带回皮质中最薄的V层和VI层。31区是楔叶中的扣带 - 顶叶过渡区，有非常大的IIIc层锥体神经元。最后，通过对23a区神经元胞体计数评估了病例之间结构的差异。IV层神经元密度有与年龄相关的下降（r = -0.63；年龄45 - 102岁），但其他层没有。（摘要截断于400字）
