Jacelon C S
Berkshire Medical Center, Pittsfield, Massachusetts, USA.
J Adv Nurs. 1995 Sep;22(3):539-46. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2648.1995.22030539.x.
The effects of institutionalization on elderly people are of significance both socially and physically. Currently, about 5% of elderly people in the United States live in long-term care institutions, although approximately 33% of all elders will be institutionalized for at least a short period of time. The effects on socialization of living in a nursing home have been studied and commented on from several perspectives. Several studies directed attention to the elderly person living in an institution. Others investigated the institution's response to residents' needs. Some studies have focused on attitudes of health care workers towards elderly people, and still others have examined the interaction between workers and residents. This review of the literature will first present studies focused on nursing home residents, then the institutions themselves, followed by studies of nursing home staff, and finally those focusing on the interaction between staff and residents. Discussion of possible directions for both practice and research will follow. The studies reported here were conducted in the United States, England, Northern Ireland and Finland.
机构收容对老年人的影响在社会和身体方面都具有重要意义。目前，美国约5%的老年人居住在长期护理机构中，尽管所有老年人中约有33%至少会在短期内被机构收容。关于住在养老院对社交的影响已从多个角度进行了研究和评论。一些研究将注意力指向住在机构里的老年人。其他研究调查了机构对居民需求的回应。一些研究聚焦于医护人员对老年人的态度，还有一些研究审视了工作人员与居民之间的互动。本文献综述将首先呈现聚焦于养老院居民的研究，接着是机构本身，然后是对养老院工作人员的研究，最后是那些聚焦于工作人员与居民之间互动的研究。随后将讨论实践和研究可能的方向。这里报告的研究是在美国、英国、北爱尔兰和芬兰进行的。
