Heard D H
Br J Med Psychol. 1978 Mar;51(1):67-76. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8341.1978.tb02447.x.
This paper describes the essence of object relations theory as developed by Winnicott through his concepts of transtional object, the good enough mother holding a situation for her child and play both solitary and mutual. These concepts are compared and contrasted with the essential features of attachment theory as put forward by Bowlby. It is suggested that Winnicotts object relations concepts and attachment theory each provide a framework to explain similar psychological and interpersonal phenomena. Reasons are put forward for the choice of attachment theory as a basis for family therapy and to suggest hypotheses to investigate the quality and quantity of intrafamilial social interaction and concomitant emotional states. The family in family therapy is described in terms of the interpersonal dynamic suggested by attachment theory. The family is seen as a homoeostatic system of relationships between individuals at different stages of development who share set goals aimed at terminating a specific form of proximity-seeking attachment behaviour and promoting exploratory behaviour.
本文阐述了温尼科特所发展的客体关系理论的精髓，其通过过渡性客体、足够好的母亲为孩子营造情境以及独自游戏和互动游戏等概念来体现。将这些概念与鲍尔比提出的依恋理论的基本特征进行了比较和对比。研究表明，温尼科特的客体关系概念和依恋理论都为解释相似的心理和人际现象提供了框架。文中提出了选择依恋理论作为家庭治疗基础的理由，并提出假设以研究家庭内部社会互动的质量和数量以及相应的情感状态。家庭治疗中的家庭是根据依恋理论所暗示的人际动态来描述的。家庭被视为一个稳态系统，由处于不同发展阶段的个体之间的关系组成，这些个体有着共同的目标，旨在终止特定形式的寻求亲近的依恋行为，并促进探索行为。
