Dubiez A, Meyer V, Gora D, Pernet D, Polio J C, Lagarde D, Gibey R, Laplante J J, Depierre A, Dalphin J C
Service de Pneumologie, CHR, Besançon.
Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique. 1995;43(5):470-6.
The Doubs is a damp, semi-mountainous fodder farming department in which occupational respiratory diseases (including asthma) are common in farmers. We studied the prevalence of IgE-mediated allergy (total IgE, Phadiatop and skin prick tests) in a group of 265 exclusive dairy farmers of both sexes of the department and in a control group of non exposed, administrative workers living in the same area. Skin prick tests were: Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Acarus siro, cat hair, cow danders, grass pollens, betullacea pollens (trees from the East of France), and hay extracts from the Doubs. Total IgE were higher than 180 KUI/l in 26 (9.9%) farmers and in 15 (10.5%) controls (NS). Phadiatop was positive in 41 (15.7%) farmers and in 27 (19%) controls (NS). Prevalence of positive skin prick tests (at least one) in farmers and controls was respectively 36% and 40% (NS). Farmers were more frequently sensitized to hay extracts (OR = 1.7), cow danders (OR = 1.3) and less frequently to cat hair (OR = 0.63) than controls but the differences were not statistically significant. In conclusion, this study fails to give evidence of a risk of IgE-mediated allergy to work-related and other common inhalation allergens in dairy farmers the Doubs.
杜省是一个潮湿的半山区饲料种植区，农民中职业性呼吸道疾病（包括哮喘）很常见。我们研究了该地区265名男女纯奶农群体以及同一地区未接触过过敏原的行政工作人员对照组中IgE介导的过敏症（总IgE、吸入变应原筛查试验和皮肤点刺试验）的患病率。皮肤点刺试验的过敏原包括：粉尘螨、粉螨、猫毛、牛毛屑、草花粉、桦树花粉（法国东部树木）以及杜省的干草提取物。26名（9.9%）奶农和15名（10.5%）对照组人员的总IgE高于180 KUI/l（无显著差异）。41名（15.7%）奶农和27名（19%）对照组人员的吸入变应原筛查试验呈阳性（无显著差异）。奶农和对照组中皮肤点刺试验呈阳性（至少一项）的患病率分别为36%和40%（无显著差异）。与对照组相比，奶农对干草提取物（比值比=1.7）、牛毛屑（比值比=1.3）的致敏频率更高，对猫毛的致敏频率更低（比值比=0.63），但差异无统计学意义。总之，本研究未能证明杜省奶农存在对工作相关及其他常见吸入性过敏原发生IgE介导过敏的风险。
