Finkelhor D, Asdigian N, Dziuba-Leatherman J
Family Research Laboratory, University of New Hampshire, Durham 03824, USA.
Am J Public Health. 1995 Dec;85(12):1684-9. doi: 10.2105/ajph.85.12.1684.
This study examined whether victimization prevention instruction in school has any impact on children's behavior in situations of real victimization threat.
Telephone interviews were conducted in 1992 with a nationally representative sample of youths aged 10 to 16 and their caretakers, and the experience of 1457 of these children was followed up more than a year later.
Exposure to a more comprehensive prevention program was not associated with reduced incidence of victimization, injury, or upset. However, some of the exposure conditions were associated with an increased likelihood that the children would disclose victimizations, an increased likelihood that they would see themselves as having successfully protected themselves, and a decreased likelihood that they would blame themselves for the episode. Exposed children acquired some knowledge about sexual abuse and, when actually confronted by a threat, an ability to do the things they had been taught. A nonsignificant trend was also noted toward increased injury for exposed children during sexual assaults.
These mixed findings suggest that prevention educators need to plan programs based on realistic goals for what can be accomplished.
本研究探讨学校中的受害预防指导对儿童在实际面临受害威胁情况下的行为是否有任何影响。
1992年对全国具有代表性的10至16岁青少年及其照顾者进行了电话访谈，并在一年多后对其中1457名儿童的经历进行了随访。
接触更全面的预防计划与受害、受伤或困扰发生率的降低无关。然而，某些接触情况与儿童披露受害情况的可能性增加、将自己视为成功保护了自己的可能性增加以及为该事件自责的可能性降低有关。接触预防计划的儿童获得了一些关于性虐待的知识，并且在实际面临威胁时，具备了做他们所学之事的能力。在性侵犯期间，接触预防计划的儿童受伤增加也呈现出无显著意义的趋势。
这些复杂的研究结果表明，预防教育工作者需要根据可实现的现实目标来规划项目。
