Graf P, Juto J E
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Karolinska Institute at Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden.
ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec. 1994 May-Jun;56(3):157-60. doi: 10.1159/000276633.
The aim of this study was to investigate whether long-term use of oxymetazoline induces a rebound swelling of the nasal mucosa and whether the decongestion effect is altered during medication. Eight healthy volunteers had oxymetazoline nasal spray (0.5 mg/ml; 0.1 ml in each nostril, three times daily) for 30 days and registrations of the mucosal surface positions were made using rhinostereometry. Compared to the registrations before the start of medication, no rebound swelling was registered after 10 days. After 30 days, however, a rebound swelling was registered in all subjects (p < 0.001). All of them, then, also reported nasal stuffiness. The decongested position of the nasal mucosa after one single dose of oxymetazoline was the same in the whole study. It is concluded that rhinitis medicamentosa develops after a relatively short time on oxymetazoline, even in healthy volunteers, and that the swelling probably is due to a vasodilatation rather than an edema. The study supports the recommendation that the drug should not be used over periods > 10 days.
本研究的目的是调查长期使用羟甲唑啉是否会引起鼻黏膜反跳性肿胀，以及在用药期间减充血效果是否会改变。8名健康志愿者使用羟甲唑啉鼻喷雾剂（0.5毫克/毫升；每侧鼻孔0.1毫升，每日3次），持续30天，并使用鼻立体测量法记录黏膜表面位置。与用药开始前的记录相比，10天后未记录到反跳性肿胀。然而，30天后，所有受试者均出现反跳性肿胀（p<0.001）。他们所有人还都报告有鼻塞症状。在整个研究中，单次使用羟甲唑啉后鼻黏膜的减充血位置相同。得出的结论是，即使在健康志愿者中，使用羟甲唑啉相对较短时间后也会发生药物性鼻炎，肿胀可能是由于血管扩张而非水肿所致。该研究支持了不建议该药物使用超过10天的建议。
