Breaker R R, Joyce G F
Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037.
Trends Biotechnol. 1994 Jul;12(7):268-75. doi: 10.1016/0167-7799(94)90138-4.
Two major strategies for generating novel biological catalysts exist. One relies on our knowledge of biopolymer structure and function to aid in the 'rational design' of new enzymes. The other, often called 'irrational design', aims to generate new catalysts, in the absence of detailed physicochemical knowledge, by using selection methods to search a library of molecules for functional variants. Both strategies have been applied, with considerable success, to the remodeling of existing ribozymes and the development of ribozymes with novel catalytic function. The two strategies are by no means mutually exclusive, and are best applied in a complementary fashion to obtain ribozymes with the desired catalytic properties.
生成新型生物催化剂有两种主要策略。一种依赖于我们对生物聚合物结构和功能的了解，以辅助新酶的“理性设计”。另一种通常称为“非理性设计”，旨在在缺乏详细物理化学知识的情况下，通过使用筛选方法在分子库中搜索功能变体来生成新的催化剂。这两种策略都已被应用，并且取得了相当大的成功，用于现有核酶的改造和具有新型催化功能的核酶的开发。这两种策略绝非相互排斥，最好以互补的方式应用，以获得具有所需催化特性的核酶。
