Bayona J M, Casellas M, Fernández P, Solanas A M, Albaigés J
Environmental Chemistry Department, C.I.D. (C.S.I.C.), Barcelona, Spain.
Chemosphere. 1994 Aug;29(3):441-50. doi: 10.1016/0045-6535(94)90432-4.
Organic extracts (dichloromethane) isolated from airborne particulate matter, collected in two sampling sites located in the Barcelona City, were mutagenic in the Salmonella typhimurium (TA98 +/-S9) bioassay. The highest direct-acting mutagenicity (69-78 rev m-3) was detected during fall and spring, which corresponds to the highest levels of mutagenic nitroarenes (248 to 350 pg m-3). On the other hand, the highest level of indirect-acting mutagenicity was obtained in summer, paralleling with the highest concentrations of polycyclic aromatic ketones and polycyclic aromatic quinones. Furthermore, the sources of PAH in the urban particulate matter were estimated from the ratio of the less reactive components (i.e. benzofluranthenes/benzo[e]pyrene, indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene/benzo[ghi]perylene, methylphenantherenes/phenanthrene) and reflected a predominance of pyrolytic mobile sources (i.e. vehicular emissions). Nevertheless, a contribution of stationary sources in winter was also apparent. Finally, the seasonal variability of polycyclic aromatic ketones, quinones, aromatic lactones and aldehydes reflected a major contribution of the atmospheric transformation processes from related PAH rather than a direct emission from combustion sources.
从巴塞罗那市两个采样点收集的空气中颗粒物的有机提取物（二氯甲烷），在鼠伤寒沙门氏菌（TA98 +/- S9）生物测定中具有致突变性。秋季和春季检测到最高的直接致突变性（69 - 78 rev m-3），这与诱变硝基芳烃的最高水平（248至350 pg m-3）相对应。另一方面，夏季获得了最高水平的间接致突变性，这与多环芳烃酮和多环芳烃醌的最高浓度平行。此外，根据反应性较低的成分（即苯并荧蒽/苯并[e]芘、茚并[1,2,3-cd]芘/苯并[ghi]苝、甲基菲/菲）的比例估算了城市颗粒物中多环芳烃的来源，结果表明热解移动源（即车辆排放）占主导地位。然而，冬季固定源的贡献也很明显。最后，多环芳烃酮、醌、芳族内酯和醛的季节变化反映出相关多环芳烃大气转化过程的主要贡献，而非燃烧源的直接排放。
