Tomanek R J
Department of Anatomy, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1994 Oct;26(10):1245-51.
Numerous studies have examined the effects of exercise training on coronary angiogenesis. Although the conclusions drawn from these studies are sometimes conflicting, variabilities in training (magnitude, type and intensity), age and other factors need to be closely examined. Most studies on young animals indicate that capillary growth occurs providing that the training intensity is appropriate. Furthermore, there is evidence that growth of arteries and resistance vessels can occur as indicated by 1) direct measurements of vessels and 2) calculation of minimal coronary vascular resistance during pharmacologically induced vasodilation. Although the mechanism(s) underlying exercise-induced angiogenesis is unknown, mechanical events associated with increased flow and/or increased venous return, as well as resting bradycardia may serve to trigger growth factors involved in mitogenic, migratory, and tube formation of endothelial cells. In contrast, exercise training per se does not appear to enhance collateral vessel growth. However, there is evidence that collateral growth is accelerated with training in animals with coronary artery occlusion.
众多研究探讨了运动训练对冠状动脉血管生成的影响。尽管这些研究得出的结论有时相互矛盾，但训练（幅度、类型和强度）、年龄及其他因素的差异仍需仔细审视。大多数针对幼龄动物的研究表明，只要训练强度适宜，毛细血管就会生长。此外，有证据显示动脉和阻力血管能够生长，这体现在：1）对血管的直接测量；2）在药物诱导血管舒张期间计算最小冠状动脉血管阻力。尽管运动诱导血管生成的潜在机制尚不清楚，但与血流量增加和/或静脉回心血量增加相关的机械事件，以及静息性心动过缓，可能会触发参与内皮细胞有丝分裂、迁移和管形成的生长因子。相比之下，运动训练本身似乎并不会促进侧支血管生长。然而，有证据表明，在冠状动脉闭塞的动物中，训练会加速侧支血管的生长。
