囊性纤维化成年患者中洋葱伯克霍尔德菌（假单胞菌属）的空气传播。
Airborne dissemination of Burkholderia (Pseudomonas) cepacia from adult patients with cystic fibrosis.
作者信息
Humphreys H, Peckham D, Patel P, Knox A
机构信息
Department of Microbiology/Public Health Laboratory, University Hospital Nottingham.
出版信息
Thorax. 1994 Nov;49(11):1157-9. doi: 10.1136/thx.49.11.1157.
BACKGROUND
Burkholderia (Pseudomonas) cepacia is an increasingly important pathogen in patients with cystic fibrosis but it is unclear how it spreads from patient to patient. A study was undertaken to determine whether B cepacia could be recovered from room air occupied by colonised adult patients with cystic fibrosis.
METHODS
Air samples were obtained consecutively from an enclosed room or isolation cubicle before, during, and after occupation by six patients on nine occasions using a surface air sampler incorporating contact plates with selective medium. Settle plates were also used and sputum from five patients was cultured.
RESULTS
B cepacia was recovered from room air during occupation by five of six patients, the number of bacteria ranging from 1 to 158 cfu/m3 (mean 32 cfu/m3). The number of bacteria isolated was greater when patients were coughing. B cepacia persisted in room air on four occasions after the patient left the room, on one occasion for up to 45 minutes.
CONCLUSIONS
The isolation of B cepacia from the air of rooms occupied by colonised patients suggests that dissemination might occur by aerosol as well as by direct physical contact with patients or contaminated environmental sites.
背景
洋葱伯克霍尔德菌（以前归为假单胞菌属）在囊性纤维化患者中已成为一种日益重要的病原体，但尚不清楚它是如何在患者之间传播的。开展了一项研究，以确定是否能从被成年囊性纤维化定植患者占用的房间空气中分离出洋葱伯克霍尔德菌。
方法
使用装有含选择性培养基接触平板的表面空气采样器，在6名患者9次占用一个封闭房间或隔离小间之前、期间和之后连续采集空气样本。还使用了沉降平板，并对5名患者的痰液进行了培养。
结果
6名患者中有5名在占用房间期间，从房间空气中分离出了洋葱伯克霍尔德菌，细菌数量在1至158 cfu/m³之间（平均32 cfu/m³）。患者咳嗽时分离出的细菌数量更多。有4次在患者离开房间后，房间空气中仍有洋葱伯克霍尔德菌存在，有一次长达45分钟。
结论
从被定植患者占用的房间空气中分离出洋葱伯克霍尔德菌，提示传播可能通过气溶胶以及与患者或受污染环境部位的直接身体接触发生。
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