Krause W, Muschick P, Wehrmann D
Research Laboratories of Schering AG, Berlin, Germany.
Invest Radiol. 1994 Nov;29(11):978-84. doi: 10.1097/00004424-199411000-00005.
In this study, the cardiac and hemodynamic effects of iopromide alone were compared with those of two combination preparations (iopromide plus sodium and iopromide plus the prostacyclin analog iloprost) and with ioversol after left ventricular bolus administration in rats.
The tracheae of anesthetized male Wistar rats were cannulated to facilitate spontaneous respiration. The animals were set up to allow recording or calculation of the following parameters: femoral arterial blood pressure (systolic, mean, and diastolic), left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, heart rate, and contractility. Iopromide (330 mg iodine/mL; 2 g iodine/kg) with or without sodium chloride (20 mmol/L) or iloprost (approximately 50 ng/mL; dose: 300 ng/kg) was injected into the left ventricle within 30 seconds. Ioversol (320 mg iodine/mL) was used at the same dose and injection rate.
Iopromide and ioversol induced transient changes in blood pressure (decrease followed by an increase), left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (increase), heart rate (decrease), contractility (increase followed by decrease), and electrocardiogram (extrasystoles, ST depression). Ioversol exhibited more pronounced effects on contractility and ST depression. The differences were statistically significant. The addition of sodium to iopromide resulted in a slight, but not significant influence on cardiac or hemodynamic parameters. The addition of iloprost improved ST depression slightly and hemodynamics significantly resulting in less mean and end-diastolic blood pressure change and less heart rate decrease. Contractility was significantly increased compared with iopromide with or without sodium.
The addition of sodium or iloprost to nonionic contrast media might be useful in the alleviation of cardiac and hemodynamic side-effects.
在本研究中，将大鼠左心室大剂量注射碘普罗胺后的心脏及血流动力学效应，与两种联合制剂（碘普罗胺加钠和碘普罗胺加前列环素类似物伊洛前列素）以及碘克沙醇的效应进行了比较。
对麻醉的雄性Wistar大鼠进行气管插管，以利于自主呼吸。设置动物以便记录或计算以下参数：股动脉血压（收缩压、平均压和舒张压）、左心室舒张末期压力、心率和收缩性。在30秒内将含或不含氯化钠（20 mmol/L）或伊洛前列素（约50 ng/mL；剂量：300 ng/kg）的碘普罗胺（330 mg碘/mL；2 g碘/kg）注入左心室。碘克沙醇（320 mg碘/mL）以相同剂量和注射速率使用。
碘普罗胺和碘克沙醇引起血压（先降低后升高）、左心室舒张末期压力（升高）、心率（降低）、收缩性（先升高后降低）和心电图（早搏、ST段压低）的短暂变化。碘克沙醇对收缩性和ST段压低的影响更为明显。差异具有统计学意义。碘普罗胺中添加钠对心脏或血流动力学参数有轻微但不显著的影响。添加伊洛前列素可轻微改善ST段压低，并显著改善血流动力学，导致平均血压和舒张末期血压变化较小，心率降低较少。与含或不含钠的碘普罗胺相比，收缩性显著增加。
在非离子型造影剂中添加钠或伊洛前列素可能有助于减轻心脏和血流动力学副作用。
