Song Z M, Brookes S J, Costa M
Department of Human Physiology, Flinders University of South Australia, Adelaide.
Neuroscience. 1994 Dec;63(4):1153-67. doi: 10.1016/0306-4522(94)90580-0.
Endogenous alkaline phosphatase activity has been localized histochemically on the surface of enteric neurons of the guinea-pig small intestine by both light and electron microscopy. The enzyme activity was associated with some myenteric neurons that had Dogiel type I morphology, and the histochemical reaction products typically formed a honeycomb-like structure on labelled cell bodies. No Dogiel type II neurons in the myenteric plexus or submucous neurons showed alkaline phosphatase reactivity. Nerve fibres reactive for alkaline phosphatase were present in the myenteric plexus and ran in bundles in the circular muscle and deep muscular plexus. In addition, reactive varicose axons supplied the submucous plexus and non-ganglionated plexus of the mucosa. The results of interruption of the enteric neuronal pathways demonstrated that alkaline phosphatase-reactive myenteric neurons project anally to other myenteric ganglia, to the circular muscle and to the submucous plexus. Sequential enzyme histochemistry showed that virtually all alkaline phosphatase-reactive neurons also contained nitric oxide synthase, revealed by NADPH-diaphorase reactivity. It was estimated that 14-18% of all myenteric neurons showed alkaline phosphatase reactivity. About one-third of nitric oxide synthase-containing myenteric neurons, however, did not contain alkaline phosphatase activity. At the ultrastructural level, alkaline phosphatase activity was associated specifically with the plasma membranes of nerve cell bodies, axons and dendrites of some myenteric neurons. Reactive nerve fibres made close appositions with non-reactive submucous neurons and, within myenteric ganglia, predominantly with other alkaline phosphatase-reactive neurons. In addition to its presence in neurons, alkaline phosphatase reactivity was also present in some endothelial cells in blood vessels in the submucosa and in capillary pericytes. It is concluded, on the basis of the projections and neurochemistry, that in the guinea-pig small intestine alkaline phosphatase activity is associated with nitric oxide synthase-containing neurons which include inhibitory motor neurons to the circular muscle, and anally-directed interneurons to other myenteric and submucous neurons.
通过光学显微镜和电子显微镜，已利用组织化学方法将内源性碱性磷酸酶活性定位在豚鼠小肠肠神经元的表面。该酶活性与一些具有多吉尔I型形态的肌间神经元相关，并且组织化学反应产物通常在标记的细胞体上形成蜂窝状结构。肌间神经丛中的多吉尔II型神经元或黏膜下神经元均未显示碱性磷酸酶反应性。对碱性磷酸酶呈反应性的神经纤维存在于肌间神经丛中，并成束地走行于环行肌和深部肌丛中。此外，有反应性的曲张轴突为黏膜下神经丛和黏膜的无神经节神经丛提供神经支配。肠神经元通路中断的结果表明，对碱性磷酸酶呈反应性的肌间神经元向肛门方向投射至其他肌间神经节、环行肌和黏膜下神经丛。连续酶组织化学显示，实际上所有对碱性磷酸酶呈反应性的神经元也都含有一氧化氮合酶，这可通过NADPH - 黄递酶反应性显示出来。据估计，所有肌间神经元中有14% - 18%显示碱性磷酸酶反应性。然而，约三分之一含有一氧化氮合酶的肌间神经元并不含有碱性磷酸酶活性。在超微结构水平上，碱性磷酸酶活性特别与一些肌间神经元的神经细胞体、轴突和树突的质膜相关。有反应性的神经纤维与无反应性的黏膜下神经元紧密相邻，并且在肌间神经节内，主要与其他对碱性磷酸酶呈反应性的神经元相邻。除了存在于神经元中，碱性磷酸酶反应性还存在于黏膜下层血管中的一些内皮细胞和毛细血管周细胞中。基于投射和神经化学得出结论，在豚鼠小肠中，碱性磷酸酶活性与含有一氧化氮合酶的神经元相关，这些神经元包括对环行肌的抑制性运动神经元以及向肛门方向投射至其他肌间和黏膜下神经元的中间神经元。
