Whittemore A S, Wu A H, Kolonel L N, John E M, Gallagher R P, Howe G R, West D W, Teh C Z, Stamey T
Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 94305-5092, USA.
Am J Epidemiol. 1995 Apr 15;141(8):732-40. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117495.
Increased risk of prostate cancer in men with a family history of the disease has been observed consistently in epidemiologic studies. However, most studies have been confined to white men; little is known about familial aggregation of prostate cancer in populations with unusually high incidence, such as African Americans, or in populations with low incidence, such as Asian-Americans. The authors report results from a population-based case-control study of prostate cancer among blacks, whites, and Asian-Americans in the United States and Canada. Controls were matched to cases on age (5-year groups), ethnicity (black, white, Chinese-American, Japanese-American), and region of residence (Los Angeles, San Francisco, Hawaii, Vancouver, Toronto). In the combined group of participants, 5% of controls and 13% of cases reported a father, brother, or son with prostate cancer. These prevalences were somewhat lower among Asian-Americans than among blacks or whites. A positive family history was associated with a statistically significant two- to threefold increase in risk in each of the three ethnic groups. The overall odds ratio associated with such a family history, adjusted for age and ethnicity, was 2.5 (95% confidence interval 1.9-3.3). This odds ratio varied by neither ethnicity nor age of the participants. Sera from 1,087 controls were used to examine the relations between family history and serum concentrations of androgens and prostate-specific antigen. The concentrations of sex hormone-binding globulin were slightly higher in men with than without a positive family history. Prostate-specific antigen concentrations were unrelated to family history.
在流行病学研究中，一直观察到有前列腺癌家族病史的男性患前列腺癌的风险增加。然而，大多数研究仅限于白人男性；对于前列腺癌在发病率异常高的人群（如非裔美国人）或发病率低的人群（如亚裔美国人）中的家族聚集情况知之甚少。作者报告了一项基于人群的病例对照研究结果，该研究涉及美国和加拿大的黑人、白人和亚裔美国人中的前列腺癌情况。对照组在年龄（5岁分组）、种族（黑人、白人、华裔美国人、日裔美国人）和居住地区（洛杉矶、旧金山、夏威夷、温哥华、多伦多）方面与病例进行匹配。在所有参与者的组合中，5%的对照组和13%的病例报告有父亲、兄弟或儿子患有前列腺癌。亚裔美国人中的这些患病率略低于黑人和白人。在这三个种族群体中，阳性家族史与风险在统计学上显著增加两到三倍相关。经年龄和种族调整后，与这种家族史相关的总体优势比为2.5（95%置信区间1.9 - 3.3）。该优势比在参与者的种族和年龄方面均无差异。使用1087名对照组的血清来研究家族史与雄激素和前列腺特异性抗原血清浓度之间的关系。有阳性家族史的男性中，性激素结合球蛋白的浓度略高于无阳性家族史的男性。前列腺特异性抗原浓度与家族史无关。
