Foré S A, Guttman S I, Bailer A J, Altfater D J, Counts B V
Department of Zoology, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio 45056, USA.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 1995 Feb;30(1):36-46. doi: 10.1006/eesa.1995.1004.
Biological monitoring programs to assess contaminant-induced impacts in aquatic systems are being developed and implemented by several federal agencies and many states. Genetic diversity and allozyme frequency may be valuable indicators of such impact because they are both sensitive to exposure and ecologically relevant in populations. The purpose of this study was to examine whether genetic diversity and structure of Campostoma anomalum populations could serve as effective biomarkers of exposure to anthropogenic stress by comparing genetic measures with other biological indicators of water quality. Fish were collected from 14 sites on seven streams by the Ohio Environmental Protection Agency as part of their stream water quality evaluation program. Values for the Index of Biological Integrity (IBI) and the Invertebrate Community Index (ICI) were determined for these 14 sites. Starch gel electrophoresis was used to collect genetic data for eight variable enzyme loci. Genetic diversity measures were not associated with site IBI or ICI values. However, the range of site IBI and ICI values was limited. Allele and genotype frequencies were significantly different at the point source compared to sites upstream and downstream indicating that genetic structure may be an indicator of water quality that is sensitive enough to detect change prior to species loss.
几个联邦机构和许多州正在制定和实施生物监测计划，以评估污染物对水生系统的影响。遗传多样性和等位酶频率可能是此类影响的重要指标，因为它们对暴露敏感且在种群中具有生态相关性。本研究的目的是通过将遗传指标与其他水质生物指标进行比较，来检验异常小口黑鲈种群的遗传多样性和结构是否可以作为人为压力暴露的有效生物标志物。作为其溪流水质评估计划的一部分，俄亥俄州环境保护局从七条溪流的14个地点采集了鱼类。确定了这14个地点的生物完整性指数（IBI）和无脊椎动物群落指数（ICI）值。使用淀粉凝胶电泳收集八个可变酶位点的遗传数据。遗传多样性指标与地点的IBI或ICI值无关。然而，地点的IBI和ICI值范围有限。与上游和下游地点相比，点源处的等位基因和基因型频率存在显著差异，这表明遗传结构可能是一种水质指标，其敏感性足以在物种丧失之前检测到变化。
