Das A C, Chakravarty A, Sukul P, Mukherjee D
Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, India.
Microbiol Res. 1995 May;150(2):187-94. doi: 10.1016/S0944-5013(11)80055-8.
A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of four insecticides, HCH, phorate, carbofuran and fenvalerate, at recommended doses on the preponderance of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi. We also measured the persistence of the insecticides in the rhizosphere soil of rice. HCH and fenvalerate stimulated the proliferation of all of the microorganisms significantly. Phorate increased the population of bacteria and actinomycetes. Carbofuran accentuated the preponderance of actinomycetes in soil. Insecticides, in general, did not have marked influence on the proliferation of Bacillus, Streptomyces, Aspergillus and Fusarium in soil. However, we observed a stimulation of growth of Staphylococcus, Proteus and Sarcina with HCH, Pseudomonas, Corynebacterium, Erysipelothrix and Rhizopus with phorate, Serratia, Corynebacterium, Klebsiella, Escherichia, Rhizopus and Humicola with carbofuran, and Staphylococcus, Sarcina, Klebsiella and Nocardia with fenvalerate. On the other hand, there was an inhibition in growth of Pseudomonas, Micrococcus, Nocardia and Penicillium with HCH, of Pseudomonas, Micrococcus and Penicillium with carbofuran, and of Pseudomonas, Micrococcus and Micromonospora with fenvalerate. Different types of insecticides exhibited differential patterns of dissipation in soil. HCH had the highest persistence followed by phorate, carbofuran and fenvalerate, respectively.
进行了一项田间试验，以研究四种杀虫剂（六六六、甲拌磷、呋喃丹和氰戊菊酯）在推荐剂量下对细菌、放线菌和真菌优势菌群的影响。我们还测定了这些杀虫剂在水稻根际土壤中的残留情况。六六六和氰戊菊酯显著刺激了所有微生物的增殖。甲拌磷增加了细菌和放线菌的数量。呋喃丹加剧了土壤中放线菌的优势地位。一般来说，杀虫剂对土壤中芽孢杆菌、链霉菌、曲霉和镰刀菌的增殖没有显著影响。然而，我们观察到六六六刺激了葡萄球菌、变形杆菌和八叠球菌的生长，甲拌磷刺激了假单胞菌、棒状杆菌、丹毒丝菌和根霉的生长，呋喃丹刺激了沙雷氏菌、棒状杆菌、克雷伯氏菌、大肠杆菌、根霉和腐质霉的生长，氰戊菊酯刺激了葡萄球菌、八叠球菌、克雷伯氏菌和诺卡氏菌的生长。另一方面，六六六抑制了假单胞菌、微球菌、诺卡氏菌和青霉的生长，呋喃丹抑制了假单胞菌、微球菌和青霉的生长，氰戊菊酯抑制了假单胞菌、微球菌和小单孢菌的生长。不同类型的杀虫剂在土壤中的降解模式不同。六六六的残留期最长，其次是甲拌磷、呋喃丹和氰戊菊酯。
