Busse R, Fleming I
Zentrum der Physiologie, Klinikum der J. W. Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Ann Med. 1995 Jun;27(3):331-40. doi: 10.3109/07853899509002586.
Since its discovery, endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) has become one of the most intensely investigated molecules in the field of cardiovascular physiology. Although initial investigations centred on the role of NO in mediating vasodilation and inhibition of platelet activation it has since become clear that this small, atypical signal molecule is also involved in regulating cell growth and proliferation as well as affecting the transcription of certain genes, the products of which have been implicated in the pathogenesis of such states as atherosclerosis and hypertension. Our understanding of the intracellular regulation of the NO synthases has also progressed and the constitutive endothelial enzyme is now known to be controlled by both intracellular Ca2+ and pH. In addition it would appear that this enzyme can also be upregulated in response to stimuli such as fluid shear stress and oestrogen. This review is intended to give the reader a glimpse of the multifaceted actions of endothelium-derived NO.
自内皮源性一氧化氮（NO）被发现以来，它已成为心血管生理学领域研究最为深入的分子之一。尽管最初的研究集中在NO介导血管舒张和抑制血小板活化的作用上，但后来清楚地表明，这种小的、非典型的信号分子还参与调节细胞生长和增殖，并影响某些基因的转录，这些基因的产物与动脉粥样硬化和高血压等疾病的发病机制有关。我们对一氧化氮合酶细胞内调节的理解也取得了进展，现在已知组成型内皮酶受细胞内Ca2+和pH的控制。此外，这种酶似乎也能响应流体剪切应力和雌激素等刺激而上调。这篇综述旨在让读者初步了解内皮源性NO的多方面作用。
