Onning G, Asp N G
Department of Applied Nutrition and Food Chemistry, Lund University, Sweden.
Br J Nutr. 1995 Aug;74(2):229-37. doi: 10.1079/bjn19950126.
The effects of oat saponins (a mixture of avenacosides A and B) and dietary fibre (cellulose and guar gum) on the disaccharidase activities in the proximal small intestine of the rat were investigated. The influence of avenacosides A and B on the activity of disaccharidases and alpha-amylase (EC 3.2.1.1) was also studied in vitro. In vivo, oat diets with three avenacoside contents (negligible, normal and twice normal) were used. No significant differences in sucrase (EC 3.2.1.48), maltase (EC 3.2.1.20), trehalase (EC 3.2.1.28) and lactase (EC 3.2.1.21) activities were found between the oat groups after 19 d feeding. The rats that were given cellulose tended to have higher disaccharidase activities compared with the other groups. The avenacosides inhibited the lactase activity significantly in vitro while no or small effects on the other disaccharidases were found. In contrast, the in vitro hydrolysis of starch by alpha-amylase was increased in the presence of saponins, probably due to their detergent effect. Thus, the in vitro studies showed that the avenacosides could influence the enzyme activities. In vivo, these effects are probably minor due to the low avenacoside concentrations found in oats.
研究了燕麦皂苷（燕麦皂苷A和B的混合物）和膳食纤维（纤维素和瓜尔豆胶）对大鼠近端小肠中双糖酶活性的影响。还在体外研究了燕麦皂苷A和B对双糖酶和α-淀粉酶（EC 3.2.1.1）活性的影响。在体内，使用了三种燕麦皂苷含量（可忽略不计、正常和正常含量两倍）的燕麦日粮。喂食19天后，燕麦组之间的蔗糖酶（EC 3.2.1.48）、麦芽糖酶（EC 3.2.1.20）、海藻糖酶（EC 3.2.1.28）和乳糖酶（EC 3.2.1.21）活性未发现显著差异。与其他组相比，喂食纤维素的大鼠双糖酶活性往往更高。燕麦皂苷在体外显著抑制乳糖酶活性，而对其他双糖酶未发现影响或影响较小。相反，在皂苷存在的情况下，α-淀粉酶对淀粉的体外水解增加，这可能是由于它们的去污剂作用。因此，体外研究表明燕麦皂苷可以影响酶活性。在体内，由于燕麦中燕麦皂苷浓度较低，这些影响可能较小。
