Fischer P R, Toko R M
Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City 84132, USA.
Int J STD AIDS. 1995 Jul-Aug;6(4):284-6. doi: 10.1177/095646249500600412.
Despite high seroprevalence rates in some parts of Africa, there is notable variation in prevalence between population subgroups. To document changes and trends in HIV seroprevalence in northeastern Zaire, 1989 to 1992 blood donor data were reviewed. Overall, 2453 donors were tested with seropositivity varying from 2.8% in 1989 to 6.9% in 1992. The increase in seropositivity was significant for men (2.5 to 5.8%, P = 0.017) and for people residing in rural areas (2.0 to 6.1%, P = 0.0008) but not for women (5.4 to 8.6%, P = 0.15) nor for urban individuals (10.5 to 8.6%, P = 0.55). These findings suggest that: 1) HIV infection is spreading in previously less-affected population subgroups rather than increasing widely in the entire population, 2) the HIV epidemic could be reaching a plateau or endemic phase in northeastern Zaire, and, 3) continued blood donor screening and wise transfusion practices are needed.
尽管在非洲某些地区血清阳性率很高，但不同人群亚组之间的流行率存在显著差异。为了记录1989年至1992年扎伊尔东北部艾滋病毒血清阳性率的变化和趋势，对献血者数据进行了回顾。总体而言，对2453名献血者进行了检测，血清阳性率从1989年的2.8%到1992年的6.9%不等。男性（从2.5%升至5.8%，P = 0.017）和农村地区居民（从2.0%升至6.1%，P = 0.0008）的血清阳性率显著上升，但女性（从5.4%升至8.6%，P = 0.15）和城市居民（从10.5%降至8.6%，P = 0.55）并非如此。这些发现表明：1）艾滋病毒感染正在以前受影响较小的人群亚组中传播，而不是在整个人口中广泛增加；2）扎伊尔东北部的艾滋病毒疫情可能正在达到平稳期或地方病阶段；3）需要继续对献血者进行筛查并采取明智的输血措施。
