Hahn R A, Eberhardt S
Epidemiology Program Office, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
Epidemiology. 1995 Jul;6(4):350-5. doi: 10.1097/00001648-199507000-00004.
Previous estimates of life expectancy in the United States have not corrected for biases in population and mortality data, and no study has examined life expectancy in U.S. Asian/Pacific Islander and American Indian populations. We used information on population undercounts by race/ethnicity in the census and on misclassification of race/ethnicity on death certificates to calculate life expectancy for black, white, American Indian, and Asian men and women in the United States in 1990. Correction for undercount and misclassification had little effect on life expectancy estimates for whites, but it substantially decreased estimates for American Indians and Asians. Asian men had life expectancies of 82.0 years and Asian women 85.8 years--the highest life expectancies reported for any population in the world and beyond the limit predicted by some current theories.
此前对美国预期寿命的估计并未对人口和死亡率数据中的偏差进行校正，而且尚无研究考察过美国亚裔/太平洋岛民和美国印第安人群体的预期寿命。我们利用人口普查中按种族/族裔划分的人口漏报信息以及死亡证明上种族/族裔的误分类信息，计算了1990年美国黑人、白人、美国印第安人和亚裔男性及女性的预期寿命。对漏报和误分类的校正对白人预期寿命估计值影响不大，但大幅降低了美国印第安人和亚裔的估计值。亚裔男性的预期寿命为82.0岁，亚裔女性为85.8岁——这是世界上任何人群所报告的最高预期寿命，超出了一些现有理论预测的上限。
