Sarker S A, Majid N, Mahalanabis D
International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B), Dhaka.
Acta Paediatr. 1995 Jul;84(7):775-80. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1995.tb13755.x.
To evaluate the efficacy of a hypo-osmolar and a standard (World Health Organization) oral rehydration salt (ORS) solution in persistent diarrhoea, a randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted in 55 children. After a 1-day observation period the children were assigned to one of three solutions: standard ORS (WHO-ORS) (osmolality 311 mosmol/l), hypo-osmolar ORS containing L-alanine and glucose (osmolality 255 mosmol/l) and i.v. polyelectrolyte solutions (osmolality 293 mosmol/l) for ongoing replacement of stool loss for the next 4 days. Excellent acceptability of ORS (101-160 ml/kg body weight/day) by the children was observed. There were no significant differences in the total intake of solutions and food, and frequency of stools among the groups. Stool outputs were significantly less in infants receiving hypo-osmolar ORS than in those receiving WHO-ORS for 0-24 h (p = 0.04), 0-48 h (p = 0.01), 0-72 h (p = 0.04) and 0-96 h (p = 0.03). The results indicate a sufficient scope of ORS practice in persistent diarrhoea. Furthermore, we found that a hypo-osmolar ORS containing L-alanine and glucose is as efficacious as an iv solution and more effective than WHO-ORS for replacement of ongoing stool loss in persistent diarrhoea.
为评估低渗和标准（世界卫生组织）口服补液盐（ORS）溶液在持续性腹泻中的疗效，对55名儿童进行了一项随机对照临床试验。经过1天的观察期后，将儿童分配到三种溶液之一：标准ORS（WHO-ORS）（渗透压311毫摩尔/升）、含L-丙氨酸和葡萄糖的低渗ORS（渗透压255毫摩尔/升）以及静脉用聚电解质溶液（渗透压293毫摩尔/升），用于在接下来的4天持续补充粪便丢失量。观察到儿童对ORS的接受度良好（101-160毫升/千克体重/天）。各组在溶液和食物的总摄入量以及排便频率方面没有显著差异。接受低渗ORS的婴儿在0-24小时（p = 0.04）、0-48小时（p = 0.01）、0-72小时（p = 0.04）和0-96小时（p = 0.03）的粪便排出量显著低于接受WHO-ORS的婴儿。结果表明ORS在持续性腹泻中有足够的应用范围。此外，我们发现含L-丙氨酸和葡萄糖的低渗ORS在持续性腹泻中补充持续粪便丢失方面与静脉溶液一样有效，且比WHO-ORS更有效。
