Mahalanabis D, Faruque A S, Hoque S S, Faruque S M
International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh.
Acta Paediatr. 1995 Mar;84(3):289-93. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1995.tb13630.x.
In a controlled trial, a hypotonic oral rehydration solution (ORS) (Na+67, K+20, Cl-66, citrate 7, glucose 89 mmol/l osmolality 249 mosmol/kg) was compared with a standard WHO-ORS (Na+90, K+20, Cl-80, citrate 10, glucose 111 mmol/l, osmolality 311 mosmol/kg) in 60 children aged 5-24 months with acute watery diarrhoea. In the hypotonic ORS group, stool frequency, proportion of children who vomited, ORS requirements and purging rate over 24-48 h were reduced by 33% (p = 0.01), 30% (p = 0.02), 21% (p = 0.067) and 21% (p = 0.03), respectively. The proportion of children who vomited and the purging rate over 48 h were reduced by 23% (p = 0.03) and 10% (p = 0.097), respectively. Serum electrolytes after 48 h were comparable. The beneficial effect of hypotonic ORS was most marked in, and largely contributed by, the subgroup negative for rotavirus.
在一项对照试验中，将一种低渗口服补液盐（ORS）（钠67、钾20、氯66、柠檬酸盐7、葡萄糖89毫摩尔/升，渗透压249毫渗摩尔/千克）与标准的世界卫生组织ORS（钠90、钾20、氯80、柠檬酸盐10、葡萄糖111毫摩尔/升，渗透压311毫渗摩尔/千克）在60名5至24个月大的急性水样腹泻儿童中进行比较。在低渗ORS组中，24至48小时内的大便频率、呕吐儿童比例、ORS需求量和腹泻率分别降低了33%（p = 0.01）、30%（p = 0.02）、21%（p = 0.067）和21%（p = 0.03）。48小时内呕吐儿童的比例和腹泻率分别降低了23%（p = 0.03）和10%（p = 0.097）。48小时后的血清电解质相当。低渗ORS的有益效果在轮状病毒检测呈阴性的亚组中最为明显，且在很大程度上是由该亚组促成的。
