McCartney A C
UMDS, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.
Br Med Bull. 1995 Jul;51(3):678-93. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a072986.
Primary ocular melanomas usually arise in the uvea, in the choroid and ciliary body. They metastasize primarily and initially exclusively, to the liver. Metastasis and survival is determined by the maximum tumour dimension, the number of epithelioid cells present within the tumour, vascular patterns within the tumour and nucleolar size and activity. Ganglioside and integrin profiles differ from cutaneous melanomas. Iris melanocytic lesions tend not to metastasize, most being naevi of varying degrees of aggressiveness which may cause glaucoma and corneal decompensation. Conjunctival melanoma is a rare unilateral tumour arising either in primary acquired melanosis or de novo rather than within a naevus. Survival of the patient depends on the location of the tumour and the histological subtype. Tumours not arising in the bulbar or limbal conjunctiva have a much poorer prognosis as do eyelid (cutaneous) melanomas if they involve the lid margin.
原发性眼黑色素瘤通常起源于葡萄膜，即脉络膜和睫状体。它们主要且最初仅转移至肝脏。转移和生存情况由肿瘤最大尺寸、肿瘤内上皮样细胞数量、肿瘤内血管模式以及核仁大小和活性决定。神经节苷脂和整合素谱与皮肤黑色素瘤不同。虹膜黑色素细胞病变往往不发生转移，大多数是具有不同侵袭程度的痣，可能导致青光眼和角膜失代偿。结膜黑色素瘤是一种罕见的单侧肿瘤，可原发于后天性黑色素沉着症或新发，而非起源于痣。患者的生存取决于肿瘤的位置和组织学亚型。非起源于球结膜或角膜缘结膜的肿瘤预后要差得多，累及睑缘的眼睑（皮肤）黑色素瘤也是如此。
