Turnbull O H, Laws K R, McCarthy R A
Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge, England.
Cortex. 1995 Jun;31(2):387-95. doi: 10.1016/s0010-9452(13)80371-1.
Several theories have been proposed to explain our ability to recognise objects from a number of viewpoints. Orientation-dependent accounts emphasize the position of the object relative to the viewer, while orientation-independent accounts (e.g. Marr) rely on descriptions of an object's component parts relative to its principal axis of elongation. An opportunity to compare the merit of these theories has arisen in a patient (L.G.) who had a rare neuropsychological sign in which knowledge of the canonical upright of object drawings was profoundly disrupted. Such orientation errors were evident in her drawings from memory and to copy, and in an orientation-matching task. In a critical experiment she showed a deficit in providing the canonical upright of individual object drawings that was independent of any difficulty in object recognition. The implications of these data for theories of object recognition are discussed.
已经提出了几种理论来解释我们从多个视角识别物体的能力。依赖方向的解释强调物体相对于观察者的位置，而不依赖方向的解释（如马尔的理论）则依赖于物体组成部分相对于其主要伸长轴的描述。在一位患者（L.G.）身上出现了一个比较这些理论优劣的机会，该患者有一种罕见的神经心理学症状，即对物体图形标准直立状态的认知受到严重干扰。这种方向错误在她凭记忆绘画、临摹绘画以及方向匹配任务中都很明显。在一项关键实验中，她在提供单个物体图形的标准直立状态方面表现出缺陷，这与物体识别中的任何困难无关。本文讨论了这些数据对物体识别理论的意义。
