Yang B, Ollendick T H, Dong Q, Xia Y, Lin L
Department of Psychology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg 24061-0436, USA.
Child Dev. 1995 Oct;66(5):1301-11.
In 1979, China implemented its one-child-per-family policy in order to control its burgeoning population. Subsequently, concern has been raised about the policy and its potentially negative effects on children. In the present study, we examined these presumed effects on 202 adolescents born before the policy went into effect, 290 preadolescents born during the period in which the policy was being implemented, and 239 children who were born after the policy went into effect. Measures of fear, anxiety, and depression were obtained. Contrary to our hypotheses, based on concerns raised by the one-child policy, children with siblings reported significantly higher levels of fear, anxiety, and depression than only children, regardless of when they were born. For depression, this effect was qualified by a sibling status x age interaction. Children with siblings born after the policy went into effect, or during its implementation, reported higher levels of depression than did only children; however, only children and children with siblings born before the policy went into effect did not differ significantly from one another. Sociocultural factors associated with these findings are explored.
1979年，中国实施了独生子女政策以控制其迅速增长的人口。随后，人们对该政策及其可能对儿童产生的负面影响表示担忧。在本研究中，我们对202名在该政策实施前出生的青少年、290名在政策实施期间出生的青春期前儿童以及239名在政策实施后出生的儿童进行了调查，以研究这些假定的影响。我们获取了恐惧、焦虑和抑郁的测量数据。与我们基于独生子女政策引发的担忧所做的假设相反，有兄弟姐妹的儿童报告的恐惧、焦虑和抑郁水平显著高于独生子女，无论他们何时出生。对于抑郁，这种影响受到兄弟姐妹状况与年龄交互作用的限制。在政策实施后或实施期间出生且有兄弟姐妹的儿童报告的抑郁水平高于独生子女；然而，独生子女与在政策实施前出生且有兄弟姐妹的儿童之间没有显著差异。我们还探讨了与这些发现相关的社会文化因素。
