Walker K Z, O'Dea K, Nicholson G C, Muir J G
School of Nutrition and Public Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
Diabetes Care. 1995 Mar;18(3):401-3. doi: 10.2337/diacare.18.3.401.
To examine the effects of a high-carbohydrate low-fat (HCLF) and a modified-fat (MF) diet on body weight and metabolic control in subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) living at home.
Twenty-four NIDDM patients followed HCLF and MF diets alternately and in random order for a 3-month period while at home, with a 1-month baseline and washout between diets. Before and after each diet, fasting glucose and lipids, HbA1c, blood pressure, and body weight were measured. Dietary preferences were assessed by questionnaire.
Subjects consumed 50% of energy as carbohydrate and 23% as fat on the HCLF diet and 40% of energy as carbohydrate and 36% as fat (over half of which was monounsaturated fat) on the MF diet. Subjects lost weight on both HCLF and MF diets (mean loss 0.7 and 1.3 kg, respectively). Although the MF diet resulted in a small decrease in fasting glucose levels, there was no significant change in HbA1c. Similarly, there was no significant difference between the diets in changes in blood pressure or fasting blood lipids. Most subjects (65%) preferred the MF diet.
Although the MF diet is not a low-fat diet, it did not appear to facilitate weight gain in subjects with NIDDM living at home. The MF diet provides an alternative for individuals unable to comply with HCLF diets.
研究高碳水化合物低脂（HCLF）饮食和改良脂肪（MF）饮食对居家非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病（NIDDM）患者体重及代谢控制的影响。
24例NIDDM患者在家中交替且随机地遵循HCLF饮食和MF饮食3个月，两种饮食之间有1个月的基线期和洗脱期。每种饮食前后均测量空腹血糖、血脂、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、血压和体重。通过问卷调查评估饮食偏好。
在HCLF饮食中，受试者摄入的能量50%来自碳水化合物，23%来自脂肪；在MF饮食中，40%的能量来自碳水化合物，36%来自脂肪（其中一半以上为单不饱和脂肪）。HCLF饮食和MF饮食的受试者均体重减轻（平均分别减轻0.7 kg和1.3 kg）。虽然MF饮食使空腹血糖水平略有下降，但HbA1c无显著变化。同样，两种饮食在血压或空腹血脂变化方面无显著差异。大多数受试者（65%）更喜欢MF饮食。
虽然MF饮食不是低脂饮食，但对于居家的NIDDM患者，它似乎不会促进体重增加。MF饮食为无法遵循HCLF饮食的个体提供了一种选择。
