Williams C L
Child Health Center, American Health Foundation, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA.
J Am Diet Assoc. 1995 Oct;95(10):1140-6, 1149; quiz 1147-8. doi: 10.1016/S0002-8223(95)00307-X.
Dietary fiber has important health benefits in childhood, especially in promoting normal laxation. Currently, children consume amounts of dietary fiber that appear to be inadequate for optimal health promotion and disease prevention. It is prudent to recommend that children older than 2 years of age increase dietary fiber intake to an amount equal to or greater than their age + 5 g/day. According to the "age + 5" rule dietary fiber intake would increase from 8 g/day at age 3 years to 25 g/day by age 20 years. After age 20, dietary fiber levels of 25 to 35 g/day are recommended. Dietary fiber intake should be increased gradually in childhood by increasing consumption of a variety of fruits, vegetables, legumes, cereals, and other whole-grain products. Although very high fiber intake in childhood could have adverse effects, the potential health benefits of a moderate increase in dietary fiber substantially outweigh the possible risks, especially in highly industrialized countries such as the United States. A safe range of dietary fiber intake for children may be between age + 5 and age + 10 g/day. This range is considered safe even for children and adolescents with marginal intakes of some vitamins and minerals; should provide enough dietary fiber for normal laxation; and may provide enough added dietary fiber to help prevent chronic diseases.
膳食纤维对儿童健康有重要益处，尤其是在促进正常排便方面。目前，儿童摄入的膳食纤维量似乎不足以促进最佳健康和预防疾病。建议2岁以上儿童将膳食纤维摄入量增加到等于或大于其年龄 + 5克/天的量，这是明智的。根据“年龄 + 5”规则，膳食纤维摄入量将从3岁时的8克/天增加到20岁时的25克/天。20岁以后，建议膳食纤维摄入量为25至35克/天。儿童期应通过增加各种水果、蔬菜、豆类、谷物和其他全谷物产品的摄入量来逐渐增加膳食纤维的摄入量。虽然儿童期摄入非常高的膳食纤维可能有不良影响，但适度增加膳食纤维对健康的潜在益处远远超过可能的风险，尤其是在美国这样的高度工业化国家。儿童膳食纤维摄入的安全范围可能在年龄 + 5至年龄 + 10克/天之间。即使对于某些维生素和矿物质摄入量处于边缘水平的儿童和青少年，这个范围也被认为是安全的；应该为正常排便提供足够的膳食纤维；并且可能提供足够的额外膳食纤维来帮助预防慢性病。
