Abouzgia M B, James D F
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Toronto Hospital, Canada.
J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1995 Nov;53(11):1308-15; discussion 1315-6. doi: 10.1016/0278-2391(95)90590-1.
This study investigated the effect of force on drill speed and measured the energy consumed during the drilling process.
Applied force, drill speed, and energy consumed were measured during drilling in bovine cortical bone specimens. A commercial surgical drill was fitted with a custom-designed speedometer for measuring the rotational speed. The handpiece was attached to a laboratory drill press and positioned above a bone specimen mounted on a load cell. To apply steady loads, weights were placed on the drill platform, and tests were conducted for forces between 1.5 and 9.0 N and for free-running speeds from 20,000 to 100,000 rpm.
The simultaneous measurements of speed and load for the electrically powered instrument showed that the average operating speed changed with the force applied: at low starting speeds, the speed increased slightly with force; at high starting speeds, the speed decreased with force by as much as 50%. The measurements of electric power showed that the total energy consumed generally decreased with speed and force, primarily because of decreased drilling time.
The decrease in energy suggests that drilling at high speed and with a large force may be desirable because bone temperature is reduced.
本研究调查了力对钻孔速度的影响，并测量了钻孔过程中消耗的能量。
在牛皮质骨标本钻孔过程中测量施加的力、钻孔速度和消耗的能量。一台商用手术钻安装了一个定制设计的速度计来测量转速。手持件连接到实验室钻床，并放置在安装在称重传感器上的骨标本上方。为了施加稳定的载荷，在钻孔平台上放置重物，并对1.5至9.0 N的力和20,000至100,000 rpm的空转速度进行测试。
电动器械速度和载荷的同步测量表明，平均运行速度随施加的力而变化：在低起始速度下，速度随力略有增加；在高起始速度下，速度随力下降多达50%。电功率测量表明，消耗的总能量通常随速度和力的降低而减少，主要是因为钻孔时间减少。
能量的减少表明，高速和大力钻孔可能是可取的，因为骨温会降低。
