Emmons R A
Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis 95616, USA.
J Pers. 1995 Sep;63(3):341-64. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.1995.tb00499.x.
This special issue is centered around the problem of levels and domains in personality functioning. What kind of constructs--and at what levels and in what domains--are needed to understand what a person is like? To account for the complexity and scope of human lives, personality psychologists have traditionally put forth lists and taxonomies of factors, features, and variables that must be taken into consideration in formulating an adequate psychological portrait of the whole person. The five-factor model of personality traits has recently been offered as a comprehensive framework; however, critical analyses of the trait concept have revealed the limitations of a trait-based model of personality. Recognizing that the concept of trait is indispensable to a vital psychology of personality, this special issue aims to (a) communicate recent developments and organizational frameworks for understanding the person at multiple levels and in varied domains, and (b) articulate and elaborate units of analysis that, when combined with trait assessments, yield a psychology of personality that is commensurate with the complexity of individual functioning and that offers greater potential for the attainment of the original goals of the discipline.
本期特刊围绕人格功能中的层次和领域问题展开。需要什么样的构念——在何种层次以及哪些领域——才能理解一个人是什么样的？为了解释人类生活的复杂性和范围，人格心理学家传统上提出了一系列因素、特征和变量的列表及分类法，在勾勒一个完整的人的充分心理画像时必须加以考虑。最近，人格特质的五因素模型被作为一个综合框架提出；然而，对特质概念的批判性分析揭示了基于特质的人格模型的局限性。鉴于特质概念对于重要的人格心理学不可或缺，本期特刊旨在：（a）传达近期关于在多个层次和不同领域理解人的发展情况和组织框架；（b）明确阐述分析单元，这些单元与特质评估相结合时，能产生一种与个体功能的复杂性相称、且为实现该学科最初目标提供更大潜力的人格心理学。
