Bland S, Sedallian A, Grollier G, Mory F, Houcke I, Dubreuil L
Centre Hospitalier, Annecy, France.
Pathol Biol (Paris). 1995 Apr;43(4):289-93.
During 1994, the in vitro antibiotic susceptibility of 306 anaerobic bacteria was performed in 4 hospitals, by the reference agar dilution method. Among the 129 B. fragilis group strains, only two B. fragilis strains were resistant to the three carbapenems and all beta-lactams, even combined with beta-lactamase-inhibitors while metronidazole resistance could not be detected. Evolution in antibiotic resistance rates could be assessed only for piperacillin whose resistance rates increased to 20%. beta-lactamase production was detected respectively for 27% of Prevotella and 17% of Fusobacterium strains. No beta-lactamase activity was seen among Gram positive anaerobes. On the whole anaerobic strains resistance rates were: biapenem, imipenem, meropenem and piperacillin-tazobactam 0.7, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid or metronidazole 2, piperacillin 11.3, amoxicillin 31%, respectively. The three carbapenems demonstrated a good in vitro activity against most anaerobes with few differences between them.
1994年期间,在4家医院采用参考琼脂稀释法对306株厌氧菌进行了体外抗生素敏感性检测。在129株脆弱拟杆菌属菌株中,只有2株脆弱拟杆菌对三种碳青霉烯类抗生素及所有β-内酰胺类抗生素耐药,即使与β-内酰胺酶抑制剂联合使用时也是如此,而未检测到对甲硝唑耐药的情况。仅对哌拉西林的耐药率变化进行了评估,其耐药率升至20%。分别检测到27%的普雷沃菌属菌株和17%的梭杆菌属菌株产生β-内酰胺酶。在革兰氏阳性厌氧菌中未观察到β-内酰胺酶活性。总体而言,厌氧菌的耐药率分别为:比阿培南、亚胺培南、美罗培南和哌拉西林-他唑巴坦0.7%,阿莫西林-克拉维酸或甲硝唑2%,哌拉西林11.3%,阿莫西林31%。三种碳青霉烯类抗生素对大多数厌氧菌均显示出良好的体外活性,它们之间差异不大。