Replogle M L, Glaser S L, Hiatt R A, Parsonnet J
Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 94305-5092, USA.
Am J Epidemiol. 1995 Oct 15;142(8):856-63. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117725.
Diseases associated with Helicobacter pylori infection, such as peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer, afflict men more frequently than women. No study, however, has demonstrated any difference in sex-specific rates of H. pylori infection. In a healthy population undergoing multiphasic health evaluations in 1992-1993 as members of the Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program of Northern California, adults aged 20-39 years were screened for antibodies to H. pylori infection using a serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and were surveyed with regard to their demographic characteristics and health practices. Among 556 African-American, Hispanic, and white men and women, male sex was a significant risk factor for infection. Other risk factors included African-American race and Hispanic ethnicity, increasing age, living with children, birth in a developing country, and lower levels of income and education. Men consistently had a higher prevalence of antibodies across all strata of race/ethnicity, age, education, and income, and in multivariate analysis male sex remained significantly associated with infection (odds ratio = 2.0, 95% confidence interval 1.2-3.1). African-American race, Hispanic ethnicity, increasing age, lower levels of education, and birth in a developing country were also associated with infection in multivariate analysis. Data from previously reported seroprevalence studies support a tendency for men to have a higher risk of infection. The higher prevalence of infection among young males as observed in Northern California may account in part for the increased incidence of H. pylori-related diseases among men in later decades of life.
与幽门螺杆菌感染相关的疾病，如消化性溃疡病和胃癌，男性比女性更易患。然而，尚无研究表明幽门螺杆菌感染的性别特异性率存在差异。在1992 - 1993年作为北加利福尼亚凯撒医疗保健计划成员接受多阶段健康评估的健康人群中，对20 - 39岁的成年人使用血清酶联免疫吸附测定法筛查幽门螺杆菌感染抗体，并对其人口统计学特征和健康行为进行调查。在556名非裔美国人、西班牙裔和白人男性及女性中，男性是感染的一个重要危险因素。其他危险因素包括非裔美国人种族、西班牙裔族裔、年龄增长、与孩子同住、在发展中国家出生以及收入和教育水平较低。在种族/族裔、年龄、教育和收入的所有分层中，男性抗体流行率始终较高，在多变量分析中，男性性别仍与感染显著相关（优势比 = 2.0，95%置信区间1.2 - 3.1）。在多变量分析中，非裔美国人种族、西班牙裔族裔、年龄增长、教育水平较低以及在发展中国家出生也与感染相关。先前报道的血清流行率研究数据支持男性感染风险较高的趋势。在北加利福尼亚观察到的年轻男性中较高的感染率可能部分解释了在生命后期几十年中男性幽门螺杆菌相关疾病发病率增加的原因。
