Wells J C, Davies P S
Infant and Child Nutrition Group, Dunn Nutrition Unit, Cambridge, UK.
Ann Hum Biol. 1995 May-Jun;22(3):207-15. doi: 10.1080/03014469500003872.
Deposition of excess dietary energy occurs if energy intake exceeds expenditure. Anthropometric differences between breast-fed and formula-fed infants due to differences in energy deposition are frequently reported. It has been suggested that infant obesity may result from decreased levels of energy expenditure on physical activity. Infant diet may therefore influence energy balance by affecting behaviour and hence energy expenditure. Behavioural and motor activity of 25 formula-fed and 25 breast-fed infants were compared using activity diaries, temperament questionnaires and actometers. There were no anthropometric differences between the two groups. The breast-fed infants fed significantly more slowly than the formula-fed infants despite taking in similar milk volumes, and also fed significantly more frequently. Otherwise there were no significant differences between the two groups with respect to the daily time spent awake and content, asleep, fussy, or crying, nor with respect to gross motor activity and temperament. It is unlikely that energy balance of the two groups differed significantly on account of behavioural activity.
如果能量摄入超过消耗，就会出现膳食能量过剩的沉积。经常有报道称，由于能量沉积的差异，母乳喂养和配方奶喂养的婴儿在人体测量学上存在差异。有人认为，婴儿肥胖可能是由于体力活动的能量消耗水平降低所致。因此，婴儿饮食可能通过影响行为进而影响能量消耗来影响能量平衡。使用活动日记、气质问卷和活动计对25名配方奶喂养婴儿和25名母乳喂养婴儿的行为和运动活动进行了比较。两组在人体测量学上没有差异。尽管母乳喂养婴儿和配方奶喂养婴儿摄入的奶量相似，但母乳喂养婴儿的喂养速度明显较慢，且喂养频率也明显更高。此外，两组在每天清醒和安静的时间、睡眠时间、烦躁时间或哭闹时间方面，以及在大肌肉运动活动和气质方面均无显著差异。两组的能量平衡不太可能因行为活动而存在显著差异。
