高防晒系数防晒霜对人类紫外线B诱导的免疫抑制的预防作用。

Prevention of UVB-induced immunosuppression in humans by a high sun protection factor sunscreen.

作者信息

Whitmore S E, Morison W L

机构信息

Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md, USA.

出版信息

Arch Dermatol. 1995 Oct;131(10):1128-33.

PMID:7574828

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND DESIGN

To date, studies of the effectiveness of sunscreens in preventing UVB-induced suppression of contact hypersensitivity in humans have not been published. Several studies in mice of the protection afforded by sunscreens from UVB-induced suppression of contact hypersensitivity and rejection of transplanted skin cancers have yielded dissimilar results, ranging from "no" to "complete" protection. We sought to determine whether the effect of preapplication of a sun protection factor (SPF) 29 sunscreen (containing octyl methoxycinnamate, oxybenzone, and octyl salicylate) could prevent local UVB-induced suppression of contact hypersensitivity to dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB). Nineteen subjects received either three minimal erythema doses of UVB daily on three consecutive days (UVB group) or sunscreen followed by this same dose of UVB irradiation (sunscreen plus UVB group) to a 16-cm2 area of the buttock. One day after completion of irradiation, DNCB was applied to this buttock site, and 2 weeks later, forearm challenge with four different concentrations of DNCB was performed. A control group of 10 subjects underwent DNCB testing as above, but with no prior exposure to UVB (no-UVB group).

RESULTS

The UVB group had a reduced response rate to all challenge doses of DNCB (3.125, 6.25, and 8.8 micrograms), except for the highest dose (12.5 micrograms) compared with the no-UVB control group (Fisher's Exact test, P < or = .008), and compared with the sunscreen plus UVB group (P < or = .02). The no-UVB and sunscreen plus UVB groups showed no significant differences in response rates to any of the doses of DNCB tested (P > or = .53).

CONCLUSIONS

These results indicate that application of a sunscreen with over ninefold greater protection than that needed to prevent erythema prior to localized UVB radiation prevents localized UVB-induced suppression of contact hypersensitivity. Further studies are needed to determine whether sunscreens providing less protection, yet still preventing erythema, adequately prevent suppression of contact hypersensitivity, a possible surrogate marker for skin cancer tumor antigen recognition and rejection.

摘要

背景与设计

迄今为止，关于防晒霜在预防人类中紫外线B（UVB）诱导的接触性超敏反应抑制方面有效性的研究尚未发表。在小鼠中进行的几项关于防晒霜对UVB诱导的接触性超敏反应抑制及移植性皮肤癌排斥反应的保护作用的研究得出了不同结果，从“无”保护到“完全”保护。我们试图确定预先涂抹防晒系数（SPF）为29的防晒霜（含有甲氧基肉桂酸辛酯、二苯甲酰甲烷和水杨酸辛酯）是否能预防局部UVB诱导的对二硝基氯苯（DNCB）接触性超敏反应的抑制。19名受试者连续三天每天接受三次最小红斑量的UVB照射（UVB组），或先涂抹防晒霜再接受相同剂量的UVB照射（防晒霜加UVB组），照射部位为臀部16平方厘米区域。照射结束后一天，将DNCB涂抹于该臀部部位，2周后，在前臂用四种不同浓度的DNCB进行激发试验。10名受试者组成的对照组按上述方法进行DNCB试验，但事先未接触UVB（无UVB组）。

结果

与无UVB对照组相比（Fisher精确检验，P≤0.008），UVB组对所有激发剂量的DNCB（3.125、6.25和8.8微克）的反应率均降低，但最高剂量（12.5微克）除外；与防晒霜加UVB组相比（P≤0.02），UVB组对所有激发剂量的DNCB（3.125、6.25和8.8微克）的反应率也降低。无UVB组和防晒霜加UVB组对所测试的任何剂量DNCB的反应率均无显著差异（P≥0.53）。