Islam M N, Hossain M A, Rahman M, Yasmin M, Alam A N, Hoque M, Sattar H
Department of Virology, Institute of Postgraduate Medicine and Research, Dhaka Bangladesh.
Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull. 1995 Apr;21(1):11-7.
Rotavirus is the most common cause of acute diarrhoea in infants and children in both the developed and developing countries including Bangladesh. Information about rotavirus diarrhoea in Bangladesh is insufficient primarily due to the lack of diagnostic facilities due to the high cost of reagents and equipment and lack of skilled personnel. A simple, suitable and less costly technique of co-agglutination test using protein-A secreting staphylococci was developed and evaluated against a commercially available ELISA kit to detect rotavirus antigen in stools of patients with diarrhoea. Staphylococcus cowan strain 1 was grown and coated with rabbit antisera raised against RV5 and SA11 rotavirus strains. The antibody-coated staphylococci were agglutinated specifically by rotavirus present in faecal samples within one or two minutes. A total of 1332 stool specimens were tested by co-agglutination and ELISA, of which 210 (15.77%) were positive by ELISA and 276 (20.72%) by co-agglutination test. Compared to ELISA, sensitivity of co-agglutination test was 76.19%, specificity 89.66% and predictive values of a positive and a negative test were 57.97% and 95.26% respectively. The results indicate that the co-agglutination test is a simple and suitable technique for rapid screening of rotavirus infection which could be adopted in clinical practice.
轮状病毒是包括孟加拉国在内的发达国家和发展中国家婴幼儿急性腹泻最常见的病因。孟加拉国关于轮状病毒腹泻的信息不足，主要是由于试剂和设备成本高昂以及缺乏技术人员，导致诊断设施匮乏。研究开发了一种使用分泌蛋白A的葡萄球菌进行协同凝集试验的简单、适用且成本较低的技术，并与市售酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）试剂盒进行对比评估，以检测腹泻患者粪便中的轮状病毒抗原。培养考恩1型葡萄球菌并用针对RV5和SA11轮状病毒株产生的兔抗血清包被。粪便样本中存在的轮状病毒能在一两分钟内使包被抗体的葡萄球菌发生特异性凝集。共对1332份粪便标本进行了协同凝集试验和ELISA检测，其中ELISA检测阳性210份（15.77%），协同凝集试验阳性276份（20.72%）。与ELISA相比，协同凝集试验的灵敏度为76.19%，特异性为89.66%，阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为57.97%和95.26%。结果表明，协同凝集试验是一种简单适用的技术，可用于轮状病毒感染的快速筛查，可在临床实践中采用。
