Brandt E N
Center for Health Policy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, USA.
Acad Med. 1995 Nov;70(11):968-70. doi: 10.1097/00001888-199511000-00012.
There are compelling reasons to promote the education of medical students about family violence. First, such violence is a significant health problem, but one that has been hidden or ignored for too long by the medical and health communities and even by law enforcement agencies. Once physicians look for family violence among their patients, however, they will find it. Second, it is important for physicians to know about family violence because they typically are the first line of defense and will see victims of family violence who cannot, or are afraid to, call the police. A third reason for including family violence in the curriculum is that this topic is eminently teachable. Obstacles to greater emphasis on family violence in the curriculum are akin to the obstacles in physicians' practices: ignorance, denial, a feeling that the problem is a law enforcement one, and a mistaken notion about how easy it is for an abused woman to leave her abuser. Also, medical students often come from sheltered backgrounds and will have to be taught about the prevalence and importance of family violence. Curricula in family violence should be multidisiplinary, integrated into current teaching, and have an emphasis on experiential learning. Also, change must be built into the curriculum so that it can reflect the latest understanding of the problem. Faculty who have the interest and training to teach this topic are limited, so they must teach their colleagues to prevent misinformed teaching. Finally, community resource people should be involved, since they are responsible for much of the management and rehabilitation of abused persons.
推广针对医学生的家庭暴力教育有令人信服的理由。首先，这种暴力是一个重大的健康问题，但长期以来一直被医疗卫生界甚至执法机构所忽视或隐瞒。然而，一旦医生在患者中留意家庭暴力，他们就会发现它。其次，医生了解家庭暴力很重要，因为他们通常是第一道防线，会接触到那些无法或不敢报警的家庭暴力受害者。将家庭暴力纳入课程的第三个原因是，这个主题非常适合教学。在课程中更加强调家庭暴力所面临的障碍与医生在实际工作中遇到的障碍类似：无知、否认、认为这是执法问题的观念，以及对受虐妇女离开施虐者有多容易的错误认识。此外，医学生通常出身于受保护的环境，必须向他们传授家庭暴力的普遍性和重要性。家庭暴力课程应该是多学科的，融入当前的教学中，并强调体验式学习。而且，课程必须进行调整，以便能够反映对该问题的最新认识。有兴趣和受过相关培训来教授这个主题的教师有限，所以他们必须培训同事以避免错误教学。最后，社区资源人士应该参与进来，因为他们负责对受虐者的大部分管理和康复工作。
