Bailey L L, Hansson R O
FAA Civil Aeromedical Institute, Oklahoma City, USA.
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 1995 Nov;50(6):P280-8. doi: 10.1093/geronb/50b.6.p280.
Four studies involving middle-aged and older workers were conducted to (a) explore perceived obstacles to adaptive job or career changes in later-life, and (b) develop an instrument with which to identify older adults who might be more sensitive to such obstacles. A reliable instrument was developed which reflected three broad categories of perceived risk: (a) age-inappropriateness of the change, (b) potential for age-discrimination, and (c) risk of hastened obsolescence. As evidence for the convergent validity of the instrument, the results indicated a heightened sensitivity to job change obstacles among respondents with: (a) age-sensitized concerns about job and financial security, (b) poorer psychological adjustment to a plateaued career, and (c) poorer psychological and social adjustment to their own aging.
开展了四项针对中年及老年员工的研究，目的是：(a) 探究人们所感知到的晚年适应性工作或职业转变的障碍；(b) 开发一种工具，用以识别可能对这些障碍更为敏感的老年人。开发出了一种可靠的工具，该工具反映了三大类感知到的风险：(a) 转变与年龄不匹配；(b) 存在年龄歧视的可能性；(c) 加速过时的风险。作为该工具收敛效度的证据，结果表明，在以下受访者中，对工作转变障碍的敏感度更高：(a) 对工作和财务安全存在年龄敏感型担忧；(b) 对职业停滞的心理调适较差；(c) 对自身衰老的心理和社会调适较差。
