Derriennic F, Maillard C, Fassina N, Fortier-Launois M, Lamarre G, Le Chevanton N, Monfort C, Neel B, Pasquier C, Rabusson-Corvisart D
INSERM U 170, Villejuif.
Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique. 1995;43(3):259-71.
Many factors were related with subjective health status (SHS), but few studies have focused on identifying some intrinsic personal factors like the choice of job and perceived working situations. The present paper examines the relationships among such factors in a large French sample. Data were collected from 21,378 subjects who were randomly selected from the lists of male and female wage earners who were followed up by 380 occupational physicians and who were born in 1938, 1943, 1948 or 1953. SHS was evaluated using the French version of the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP). Socio-demographic and job characteristics were assessed by means of closed questions during the annual medical examination. Results showed that low subjective health status was related to sex, age and perceived working situation: for each of the six areas of the NHP (pain, physical mobility, energy, sleep, social isolation, emotional reactions) there was a lower SHS for women and a decrease with age for both sexes. The poorer the perceived working situations the worse was the SHS. Using general linear models it appeared that independently of these factors and the socio-economical category dichotomized in upper classes versus lower classes, those who had claimed to have not chosen their job had a lower SHS, whatever the area of SHS. Awaiting the second survey in 1995, it is difficult to explain these results from this cross sectional analysis: is the choice of job a possible risk factor or an artefact due to some unmeasured confounding factors like motivation or job satisfaction.
许多因素与主观健康状况（SHS）相关，但很少有研究专注于识别一些内在的个人因素，如工作选择和感知到的工作状况。本文在一个大型法国样本中研究了这些因素之间的关系。数据收集自21378名受试者，他们是从380名职业医生随访的男女工薪族名单中随机抽取的，出生于1938年、1943年、1948年或1953年。使用法国版的诺丁汉健康量表（NHP）对主观健康状况进行评估。在年度体检期间，通过封闭式问题评估社会人口统计学和工作特征。结果表明，主观健康状况不佳与性别、年龄和感知到的工作状况有关：在NHP的六个领域（疼痛、身体活动能力、精力、睡眠、社会隔离、情绪反应）中，女性的主观健康状况较低，且男女的主观健康状况均随年龄增长而下降。感知到的工作状况越差，主观健康状况就越差。使用一般线性模型发现，独立于这些因素以及分为上层阶级和下层阶级的社会经济类别，那些声称没有选择自己工作的人，无论在主观健康状况的哪个领域，其主观健康状况都较低。在等待1995年的第二次调查时，很难从这个横断面分析中解释这些结果：工作选择是一个可能的风险因素，还是由于一些未测量的混杂因素（如动机或工作满意度）导致的人为现象。
