Warr P
MRC/ESRC Social and Applied Psychology Unit, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom.
Psychol Aging. 1992 Mar;7(1):37-45. doi: 10.1037//0882-7974.7.1.37.
Two questions are examined through an investigation of 1,686 people employed in a wide range of jobs. First, is there a U-shaped relationship between age and occupational well-being, such that medium-aged workers report lower well-being than do both younger and older people? That pattern is found, in relationship to both job anxiety-contentment and job depression-enthusiasm. Second, can the observed associations between age and well-being be accounted for by 13 potentially explanatory factors, covering job position, job characteristics, work values, demographic factors, and family life cycle? After introducing these variables into stepwise regression equations, age remains significantly predictive of job well-being. Possible additional explanations of this positive association include other characteristics, an increasingly retrospective focus, and nonoccupational experiences.
通过对1686名从事广泛工作的人员进行调查，研究了两个问题。第一，年龄与职业幸福感之间是否存在U型关系，即中年员工的幸福感低于年轻员工和老年员工？在工作焦虑-满足感和工作抑郁-热情方面均发现了这种模式。第二，年龄与幸福感之间观察到的关联能否由13个潜在的解释因素来解释，这些因素涵盖工作职位、工作特征、工作价值观、人口统计学因素和家庭生命周期？将这些变量引入逐步回归方程后，年龄仍然是职业幸福感的显著预测因素。这种正相关关系的可能其他解释包括其他特征、日益增强的回顾性关注和非职业经历。
