Zalensky A O, Allen M J, Kobayashi A, Zalenskaya I A, Balhórn R, Bradbury E M
Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California at Davis 95616, USA.
Chromosoma. 1995 May;103(9):577-90. doi: 10.1007/BF00357684.
Using fluorescence in situ hybridization, conventional epifluorescence microscopy, and laser scanning confocal microscopy followed by three-dimensional reconstruction we describe a well-defined higher order packaging of the human genome in the sperm cell nucleus. This was determined by the spatial localization of centromere and telomere regions of all chromosomes and supported by localization of subtelomere sequences of chromosome 3 and the entire chromosome 2. The nuclear architecture in the human sperm is characterized by the clustering of the 23 centromeres into a compact chromocenter positioned well inside the nucleus. The ends of the chromosomes are exposed to the nuclear periphery where both the subtelomere and the telomere sequences of the chromosome arms are joined into dimers. Thus chromosomes in the human sperm nucleus are looped into a hairpin-like configuration. The biological implications of this nuclear architecture in spermatogenesis and male pronuclear formation following fertilization are discussed.
利用荧光原位杂交、传统落射荧光显微镜以及激光扫描共聚焦显微镜，随后进行三维重建，我们描述了人类基因组在精子细胞核中明确的高级包装形式。这是通过所有染色体着丝粒和端粒区域的空间定位确定的，并得到了3号染色体亚端粒序列和整条2号染色体定位的支持。人类精子中的核结构特征是23个着丝粒聚集形成一个紧密的染色中心，位于细胞核内部。染色体末端暴露于核周边，染色体臂的亚端粒和端粒序列在此处连接成二聚体。因此，人类精子细胞核中的染色体呈发夹状环化。本文讨论了这种核结构在精子发生和受精后雄原核形成中的生物学意义。
