Ong W Y, Garey L J, Leong S K, Reynolds R
Department of Anatomy, National University of Singapore.
J Neurocytol. 1995 Aug;24(8):602-10. doi: 10.1007/BF01257375.
Astrocytes in the human cerebral cortex and subcortical white matter were labelled using antibodies to glial fibrillary acidic protein, or double labelled for glial fibrillary acidic protein and glutamine synthetase, and studied by light and electron microscopy. We described two types of astrocytic processes in an earlier study of human cortex: glial-filament-rich but mitochondria-poor, and filament-poor but mitochondria-rich. The question arose as to whether these were different segments of the same process, or whether the filament-rich processes belonged to a subpopulation of 'fibrous' astrocytes. In the present study no such fibrous astrocytes were found in histologically normal cortex, and all glial fibrillary acidic protein positive cell bodies in the cortex were also glutamine synthetase-positive, and had features of protoplasmic astrocytes. Since the processes of fibrous astrocytes in the white matter seldom extended more than 40-50 microns beyond the cell bodies, they were unlikely to account for the filament-rich astrocytic processes that were observed in the cortex by electron microscopy. The filament-rich but mitochondria-poor, and the filament-poor but mitochondria-rich processes are seen in continuity in the cortex and must therefore both stem from cell bodies with features of protoplasmic astrocytes.
使用针对胶质纤维酸性蛋白的抗体对人类大脑皮层和皮层下白质中的星形胶质细胞进行标记，或者对胶质纤维酸性蛋白和谷氨酰胺合成酶进行双重标记，并通过光学显微镜和电子显微镜进行研究。在早期对人类皮层的研究中，我们描述了两种类型的星形胶质细胞突起：富含胶质丝但线粒体较少的，以及胶质丝较少但线粒体较多的。问题在于，这些是同一突起的不同部分，还是富含丝的突起属于“纤维性”星形胶质细胞的一个亚群。在本研究中，在组织学正常的皮层中未发现此类纤维性星形胶质细胞，皮层中所有胶质纤维酸性蛋白阳性细胞体也都是谷氨酰胺合成酶阳性的，并且具有原浆性星形胶质细胞的特征。由于白质中纤维性星形胶质细胞的突起很少延伸到细胞体之外超过40 - 50微米，它们不太可能解释电子显微镜在皮层中观察到的富含丝的星形胶质细胞突起。富含丝但线粒体较少的突起，以及胶质丝较少但线粒体较多的突起在皮层中是连续可见的，因此两者必定都源自具有原浆性星形胶质细胞特征的细胞体。
