Bunker J P
CRC Clinical Trials Centre, King's College School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rayne Institute, London.
J R Coll Physicians Lond. 1995 Mar-Apr;29(2):105-12.
The extraordinary increase in life-expectancy that occurred early in this century has been attributed largely to non-medical factors. Life-expectancy has continued to rise, and medical care can now be shown to make substantial contributions. Three of the seven years' increase in life expectancy since 1950 can be attributed to medical care. Medical care is also estimated to provide, on average, five years of partial or complete relief from the poor quality of life associated with chronic disease. The association of social factors with health is well-known, but except for occupation, it is not known how they might act or whether they are proxies for some other yet to be identified factor.
本世纪初出现的预期寿命的显著增长主要归因于非医学因素。预期寿命持续上升，现在可以证明医疗保健做出了重大贡献。自1950年以来预期寿命增加的七年中，有三年可归因于医疗保健。据估计，医疗保健平均还能使因慢性病导致的生活质量低下状况得到五年的部分或完全缓解。社会因素与健康之间的关联是众所周知的，但除职业外，尚不清楚它们如何发挥作用，也不清楚它们是否是某些其他有待确定因素的替代指标。
