Miles C O, Wilkins A L, Erasmus G L, Kellerman T S, Coetzer J A
Fungal and Plant Toxin Research Group, New Zealand Pastoral Agriculture Research Institute Ltd., Ruakura Agricultural Research Centre, Hamilton.
Onderstepoort J Vet Res. 1994 Sep;61(3):215-22.
Geeldikkop was induced in a sheep by oral administration of crude saponins from Tribulus terrestris. Centrifugation of the bile from this sheep gave a pale green sediment of crystalloid material which was insoluble in common organic solvents, but soluble in acetic acid. Analysis of the crystalloid material by 1H and 13C NMR, EDXA, TLC, LSIMS, and by acidic hydrolysis followed by TLC and GC-MS, revealed it to be composed principally of a 6:1 mixture of the calcium salts of the beta-D-glucuronides of the steroidal sapogenins epismilagenin and episarsasapogenin. The administered saponin was found to contain glycosides of the steroidal sapogenins diosgenin, yamogenin, epismilagenin, tigogenin, neotigogenin, gitogenin and neogitogenin in the ratio 10:7:1:11:7:35:25. A metabolic pathway for the conversion of diosgenin and yamogenin saponins to the biliary glucuronides is proposed.
通过给一只绵羊口服刺蒺藜中的粗皂苷诱导其患黄脂病。对这只绵羊的胆汁进行离心，得到一种浅绿色的晶体物质沉淀，该沉淀不溶于常见的有机溶剂，但可溶于乙酸。通过1H和13C核磁共振、能量散射X射线分析、薄层色谱、液相二次离子质谱，以及酸水解后再进行薄层色谱和气相色谱 - 质谱分析该晶体物质，结果显示其主要由甾体皂苷元表纤细皂苷元和表萨洒皂苷元的β - D - 葡萄糖醛酸钙盐以6:1的混合物组成。发现所给予的皂苷含有甾体皂苷元薯蓣皂苷元、雅姆皂苷元、表纤细皂苷元、替告皂苷元、新替告皂苷元、吉托皂苷元和新吉托皂苷元的糖苷，其比例为10:7:1:11:7:35:25。提出了薯蓣皂苷元和雅姆皂苷元皂苷转化为胆汁葡萄糖醛酸苷的代谢途径。
