Muller A F
Schweizerischen Akademie der Medizinischen Wissenschaften.
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1995 Jun 10;125(23):1145-50.
The basic ethical considerations surrounding intensive care are analyzed from the historical perspective, with particular reference to the two doctrines still of greatest importance: Kantianism and utilitarianism. They are correlated with the four essential principles of medical ethics: autonomy of the patient, quality, nihil nocere, and equal distribution of medical resources. The inevitable conflicts, particularly arising from pluralism, are reviewed. Finally, the absolute need is stressed for a global medical ethics taking into consideration not only the patient but society as a whole.
从历史角度分析了重症监护所涉及的基本伦理考量，特别提及了至今仍最为重要的两种学说：康德主义和功利主义。它们与医学伦理学的四项基本原则相关联：患者自主、质量、不伤害原则以及医疗资源的公平分配。对不可避免的冲突，尤其是因多元主义引发的冲突进行了审视。最后强调了建立一种不仅考虑患者，还兼顾整个社会的全球医学伦理学的绝对必要性。
