Nakashima T, Hojo T, Suzuki K, Ijichi M
Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu City, Japan.
Ann Anat. 1995 May;177(3):275-8. doi: 10.1016/S0940-9602(11)80199-8.
We report here an investigation into the number of phalanges of the 2nd to 5th toes in a Japanese population. The number of phalanges in each of these toes is normally three, distal, middle and proximal. However, occasionally only two phalanges are observed. In this condition, known as symphalangism, the middle and distal phalanges are fused (synarthrosis of the distal interphalangeal joint). The incidence of symphalangism in the 488 feet was found to be 72.5% in the 5th toe, 11.9% in the 4th toe, 0.8% in the 3rd toe, and 0.0% in the 2nd toe. No left-to-right or sex differences were observed. The reported overall incidence of symphalangism in the 5th toe of the foot in the Japanese population (74.7%) is significantly higher than that in the European population (40.2%). In the present sample, the incidence of symphalangism of the 4th toe (11.9%) was significantly higher than that in Japanese population samples previously studied (4.2%).
我们在此报告一项针对日本人群中第二至第五趾趾骨数量的调查。这些脚趾中每一个的趾骨数量通常为三个，即远节、中节和近节。然而，偶尔会观察到只有两个趾骨。在这种被称为并趾畸形的情况下，中节和远节趾骨融合（远侧指间关节的关节固定）。在488只脚中，第五趾并趾畸形的发生率为72.5%，第四趾为11.9%，第三趾为0.8%，第二趾为0.0%。未观察到左右差异或性别差异。报告的日本人群中足部第五趾并趾畸形的总体发生率（74.7%）显著高于欧洲人群（40.2%）。在本样本中，第四趾并趾畸形的发生率（11.9%）显著高于先前研究的日本人群样本（4.2%）。
