Keller T A, Cowan N, Saults J S
Department of Psychology, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211, USA.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 1995 May;21(3):635-45. doi: 10.1037//0278-7393.21.3.635.
This study investigated whether nonverbal auditory memory representations can be affected by rehearsal strategies. The comparison of the pitches of 2 tones separated by a silent, variable delay interval was examined in 2 experiments, both when participants were instructed to rehearse the pitch of the first tone covertly during the intertone interval and when such rehearsal was prevented by 1 of 2 attention-demanding distractor tasks. In both experiments, delayed tone comparison performance was superior when participants were permitted to rehearse, and the type of distractor task (verbal vs. auditory) had no effect on performance under distraction instructions. The results suggest that auditory imagery can be used strategically to slow the rate of decay of auditory information for tone pitch.
本研究调查了非言语听觉记忆表征是否会受到复述策略的影响。在两个实验中，对两个由无声可变延迟间隔分隔的音调的音高比较进行了研究，实验分别在参与者被指示在音调间隔期间隐蔽地复述第一个音调的音高时，以及当这种复述被两项需要注意力的干扰任务之一阻止时进行。在两个实验中，当参与者被允许复述时，延迟音调比较表现更优，并且干扰任务的类型（言语与听觉）在干扰指令下对表现没有影响。结果表明，听觉表象可被策略性地用于减缓音调音高听觉信息的衰减速率。
