Van der Lugt J J, Kellerman T S, Van Vollenhoven A, Nel P W
Section of Pathology, Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, Republic of South Africa.
J S Afr Vet Assoc. 1994 Dec;65(4):184-8.
A neurological syndrome in a herd of Friesland cows (n = 100) on a diet including sorghum beer residues is described. Over a period of 8 months, 76 cows developed weakness of the hindquarters, progressively worsening ataxia and, eventually, paralysis and permanent recumbency. The course of the disease varied from 2 to 8 weeks. The lesions were significant in the 2 cows necropsied and included extensive, bilaterally symmetrical dilation of myelin sheaths, axonal swelling and loss with Wallerian degeneration, and depletion of myelin in both ascending and descending tracts at all levels of the spinal cord. Focal neuronal degeneration in the spinal cord grey matter and dorsal root ganglia, and focal loss of axons and ovoid formation in the spinal nerve roots and ischiatic nerves were also evident. The pathogenesis of the spinal lesions appears to involve a primary axonopathy with secondary myelin loss. The epidemiology, clinical signs and pathology suggest that the disease was associated with the fungus Aspergillus clavatus.
描述了一群弗里斯兰奶牛（n = 100）在食用含有高粱啤酒残渣的饲料时出现的一种神经综合征。在8个月的时间里，76头奶牛出现后躯无力，共济失调逐渐加重，最终瘫痪并长期卧地不起。病程为2至8周。对2头进行尸检的奶牛进行检查，发现病变显著，包括髓鞘广泛双侧对称性扩张、轴突肿胀和丧失伴沃勒变性，以及脊髓各水平的升支和降支髓鞘脱失。脊髓灰质和背根神经节的局灶性神经元变性，以及脊髓神经根和坐骨神经的轴突局灶性丧失和卵圆形形成也很明显。脊髓病变的发病机制似乎涉及原发性轴突病伴继发性髓鞘丧失。流行病学、临床症状和病理学表明，该疾病与棒曲霉有关。
