Yang F C, Paturzo F X, Jacoby R O
Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8016, USA.
Lab Anim Sci. 1995 Apr;45(2):140-4.
The environmental stability and transmission of a field isolate of rat virus was tested under conditions resembling those that may be encountered during the housing of laboratory rats. The rat virus kept in physiologic salt solutions at room temperature remained infective for at least 5 weeks. Similar virus preparations remained infective after drying on a plastic surface for 3 to 5 weeks, depending on initial virus concentration. Varying the protein concentration in the medium had no significant effect on stability. Bedding from cages housing infected litters induced seroconversions in sentinel rats for at least 5 weeks after storage of rat virus at room temperature. Infection was transmitted between rats housed in open cages in a Trexler isolator but not between rats housed in microisolator cages connected by tunnels partitioned by wire screens with a mesh size of 1.67 mm. The results indicate that rat virus can remain infective after prolonged exposure to an ambient environment and suggest that infection is more readily transmitted by animal-to-animal contact or by fomites than by aerosolization of exhaled virus.
在类似于实验室大鼠饲养过程中可能遇到的条件下，对一种大鼠病毒野外分离株的环境稳定性和传播情况进行了测试。在室温下保存在生理盐溶液中的大鼠病毒至少5周内仍具有感染性。根据初始病毒浓度的不同，类似的病毒制剂在塑料表面干燥3至5周后仍具有感染性。改变培养基中的蛋白质浓度对稳定性没有显著影响。在室温下储存大鼠病毒后，感染窝仔鼠的笼子中的垫料在至少5周内可使哨兵鼠发生血清转化。在Trexler隔离器中，饲养在开放式笼子里的大鼠之间会传播感染，但饲养在通过网孔尺寸为1.67毫米的金属丝网分隔的隧道相连的微型隔离笼中的大鼠之间不会传播感染。结果表明，大鼠病毒在长时间暴露于周围环境后仍可保持感染性，这表明感染通过动物与动物的接触或通过污染物传播比通过呼出病毒的气溶胶传播更容易。
