Habrand J L, Schlienger P, Schwartz L, Pontvert D, Lenir-Cohen-Solal C, Helfre S, Haie C, Mazal A, Cosset J M
Centre de Protonthérapie d'Orsay, Centre Universitaire, France.
Radiat Environ Biophys. 1995 Mar;34(1):41-4. doi: 10.1007/BF01210544.
Proton therapy offers potentially considerable advantages in the management of slow-growing, poorly resectable or non-resectable tumors resistant to x-rays and located close to critical radiosensitive anatomical structures, such as the brain stem of the spinal cord. Among over 13,000 irradiated patients in the USA, Europe, and Japan, two major clinical indications have been documented: 1. The conservative management of choroidal melanomas, in which 98% 5-year local control can be expected at the price of low toxicity and visual preservation in approximately half of them. 2. The curative management of low-grade chondrosarcomas and chordomas of the base of the skull and cervical spine, leading to, in combination with maximal tumor resection, 84%-94% long-term survival. Other ongoing studies concern prostate, head and neck carcinomas as well as various intracranial tumors. Radiosurgical programs are being conducted generally with single fractions and under stereotactic conditions.
质子治疗在治疗生长缓慢、难以切除或无法切除且对X射线耐药、位于关键放射敏感解剖结构（如脊髓脑干）附近的肿瘤方面具有潜在的显著优势。在美国、欧洲和日本的13000多名接受放疗的患者中，已记录到两种主要临床适应症：1. 脉络膜黑色素瘤的保守治疗，其中约半数患者有望以低毒性和保留视力为代价实现98%的5年局部控制率。2. 颅底和颈椎低度软骨肉瘤及脊索瘤的根治性治疗，结合最大程度的肿瘤切除，可实现84%-94%的长期生存率。其他正在进行的研究涉及前列腺癌、头颈癌以及各种颅内肿瘤。放射外科治疗方案一般采用单次分割并在立体定向条件下进行。
